TABLE 1.
Authentication and identification methods of Marantodes pumilum botanical drug substances and commercial products.
| No. | Study | Species and sources | Voucher specimen | Identification/Authentication Methods |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mannerås et al. (2010) | Whole plant of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant from rainforest of Peninsular Malaysia) | Not available | Not available |
| 2 | Pandey et al. (2010) | Leaf of L. pumila, (Wild plant from Perak) | 21648 | Morphology |
| 3 | Pattiram et al. (2011) | Leaf of L. pumila, [Wild plant (unkown source)] | Not available | GCMS |
| 4 | Chua et al. (2011) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, L. pumila var. pumila, [Cultivated plant from Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)] | FRI 59810 | Phytochemical screening, UPLC/ESI/MS/MS, chemometrics |
| 5 | Fazliana et al. (2011) | Whole plant of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant from Pahang) | FRI54816 | Morphology |
| 6 | Ali and Khan (2011) | Root of L. pumila, (Cultivated plant supplied by Holista Biotech Sdn. Bhd.) | PID26 | Morphology, NMR, IR, TLC, HPLC |
| 7 | Avula et al. (2011) | Leaf and stem-root of L. pumila var. alata, (Cultivated plant supplied by Holista Biotech Sdn. Bhd.) | 3809, 3810, 8400, 5002, 5003, 5004 (United States ) | TLC, IR, HPLC/UV/ELSD, LC/ESI/TOF, NMR, HRESI/MS |
| 8 | Al-Mekhlafi et al. (2012) | Leaf of L. pumila, (Wild plant from Pahang) | ACP0084/08 | UV, IR, NMR |
| 9 | Abdullah et al. (2012) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, L. pumila var. pumila and L. pumila var. lanceolata, (Wild plant from Negeri Sembilan, Johor, Pahang, and Kedah) | Not available | IR, chemometric analysis |
| 10 | Pan et al. (2012) | Whole plant of L. pumila, (Wild plant from Perak) | I/LP/3547 | Morphology, HPLC |
| 11 | Abdah et al. (2014) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, (Cultivated plant from FRIM) | Not Available | HPLC |
| 12 | Effendy et al. (2014) | Whole plant of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant from Kedah) | Not available | Morphology, phytochemical screening |
| 13 | Tnah et al. (2014) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, var. pumila and var. lanceolata, (Wild plant from Pasoh Forest Reserve, Negeri Sembilan) | KEP 223663—223665 | Morphology, DNA barcoding |
| 14 | Norhayati et al. (2014) | Whole plant of L. pumila var. alata, [Wild plant (unknown source)] | Not available | HPLC |
| 15 | Karimi et al. (2015) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, L. pumila var. pumila and L. pumila var. lanceolata, (Wild plant from Sungkai, Perak; Hulu Langat, Selangor; and Kota Tinggi, Johor) | Not available | Phytochemical screening |
| 16 | Aladdin et al. (2016) | M. pumilum var. alata, M. pumilum var. pumila and M. pumilum var. lanceolata, (Wild plant from Bujang Melaka Forest Reserve, Kampar, Perak) | UKMB 30006/SM 2622, UKMB 30007/SM s.n., UKMB 30008/SM s.n, respectively | Morphology, microscopy, HPTLC, HPLC, ATR-FTIR |
| 17 | Dianita et al. (2016) | Whole plant of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant from Perak] | UKMB 30010 | Morphology, HPLC |
| 18 | Karimi et al. (2016) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, [Cultivated plant from Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)] | Stone 6030 (KLU) (UPM) | Morphology, HPLC, GC and GC/MS |
| 19 | Adam et al. (2017) | Leaf of M. pumilum, (Wild plant from Perak) | KLU49047 (UM) | Morphology, LC/MS |
| 20 | Latiff et al. (2018) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, (Cultivated plant from FRIM) | FRI 59810 | Morphology, LC/MS/MS |
| 21 | Giribabu et al. (2018) | Leaf of M. pumilum, (Wild plant from Tapah, Perak) | KLU 46767 | Morphology, UPLC/MS/MS |
| 22 | Tnah et al. (2019) | Leaf of L. pumila, (Wild plant from forest reserves, botanical gardens and medicinal plant nurseries in Peninsular Malaysia and commercial products) | Not available | Morphology, DNA barcoding |
| 23 | Giaze et al. (2019) | Leaf and stem-root of M. pumilum var. alata, (Wild plant from Simpang Empat, Kedah) | UKM-HF131 | Morphology, LC/MS |
| 24 | Wu et al. (2019) | Leaf and stem of L. pumila, (Cultivated plant from FRIM) | Not available | UPLC/MS/MS |
| 25 | Tan et al. (2019) | Leaf of M. pumilum, (Wild plant from Tapah, Perak) | KLU49047 (UM) | Morphology, LC/MS/MS |
| 26 | Muhamad et al. (2019) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant from Tapah, Perak) | FF/UiTM/KF/02/13 | Morphology, LC/MS |
| 27 | Wan Omar et al., (2019) | Leaf of M. pumilum var. alata, (Wild plant from Tapah, Perak) | KLU49047 (UM) | Morphology, LC/MS |
| 28 | Dharmani et al. (2019) | Leaf and stem-root of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant supplied by Delima Jelita Herbs, Kedah) | UKMHF131 | Morphology, LC/MS/MS |
| 29 | Salehan et al. (2020) | Leaf of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant from Alor Setar, Kedah) | Not available | LC/MS Q-TOF |
| 30 | Radzali et al. (2020) | Leaf of L. pumila var. pumila, ((unknown) from Batu Pahat, Johor) | UKMB 30007/SM sn | Morphology, HPLC |
| 31 | Manshor et al. (2020) | Aerial part and leaf of L. pumila, (Wild plant from Sungai Siput Utara, Perak) | 11632 | Morphology, HPLC |
| 32 | Yeop et al. (2021) | Whole plant of L. pumila var. alata, (Wild plant from Bentong, Pahang) | PIIUM 0321 | Morphology, UPLC/PDA, UPLC/QTOF/MS |
| 33 | Tarmizi et al. (2021) | Labisia pumila var. alata and L. pumila var. pumila (red and green leaf) (Cultivated plant from Batu Pahat, Johor) | PID 250817-17 (LPPG), PID 260817-17 (LPPR), PID 270817-17 (LPA) | Morphology, HPLC, DNA barcoding |