Table 2.
Anti-tumor effects of SIT-related derivatives/compounds.
| Derivatives/compound types | Dosage/ concentrations | Tumor cells type | Signaling pathways | Mechanism | REF |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β-sitosterol-assisted silver nanoparticles | 7 ng/mL(IC50) | HepG2 and HT-29 | Bax, p53, Bcl-2, caspase-9, and -3 | apoptosis | (69, 70) |
| 7α-hydroxy-β-Sitosterol | 16.0 ± 3.6 μM(IC50) | MCF-7 | Bax/Bcl-2 and ERK1/2 | cell cycle arrest | (71) |
| β-sitosterol-glucoside | 4.64 ± 0.48 µg/mL(IC50) | Huh7, HepG2, and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cell | Caspase-9, caspase-3, p53, and p21 | apoptosis | (72, 73) |
| β-sitosterol-3-O-glucoside | 251 μg/mL(IC50) | Caco-2 | Bcl-2 and caspase-3 | apoptosis | (74) |
| Liposomal β-sitosterol | 4 mmol/mouse/d | B16BL6 | IL-18 and IL-12 | metastasis | (75) |
| Heparin-β-sitosterol micelles | 0.5 mg/mL | HeLa | VEGF | metastasis | (76) |
| β-Sit-PLGA and β-Sit-PEG-PLA | 26.5-53.08 μg/mL | MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 | proliferation | (66) | |
| β-sitosterol-loaded PEGylated niosomes | 10 µg/mL(GI50) | HepG2 | Caspase-3 and caspase-9 | apoptosis | (77) |
| β-Sitosterol-d-glucoside | 120 mg/kg bw | MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 | PI3K, p-Akt, and Bcl-2 | apoptosis | (78) |