Table 2.
Indirect, direct and total effects of maternal depressive symptoms trajectories on adolescent's emotion regulation scores mediated by child maltreatment
| Maternal depression trajectories | Relative effectsa for adolescents’ emotion regulation scores | B (SE)b | 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CI | β (SE)b | 95% bias-corrected bootstrap CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderated low | Indirect effect (a1*b) | − 0.102 (0.060)* | (− 0.216; − 0.009) | − 0.016 (0.009) | (− 0.035; − 0.001) |
| Direct effect (c1') | − 0.954 (0.321)* | (− 1.666; − 0.367) | − 0.153 (0.052)* | (− 0.266; − 0.059) | |
| Total effect | − 1.056 (0.319)* | (− 1.742; − 0.460) | − 0.170 (0.051)* | (− 0.279; − 0.073) | |
| Increasing | Indirect effect (a2*b) | − 0.162 (0.086) | (− 0.362; − 0.017) | − 0.026 (0.014) | (− 0.058; − 0.003) |
| Direct effect (c2') | − 1.137 (0.481)* | (− 2.100; − 0.268) | − 0.183 (0.077)* | (− 0.339; − 0.041) | |
| Total effect | − 1.299 (0.487)* | (− 2.280; − 0.404) | − 0.209 (0.078)* | (− 0.369; − 0.063) | |
| Decreasing | Indirect effect (a3*b) | − 0.120 (0.066) | (− 0.278; − 0.016) | − 0.019 (0.011) | (− 0.045; − 0.003) |
| Direct effect (c3') | − 1.448 (0.521)* | (− 2.530; − 0.503) | − 0.233 (0.083)* | (− 0.403; − 0.080) | |
| Total effect | − 1.568 (0.517)* | (− 2.636; − 0.626) | − 0.252 (0.083)* | (− 0.420; − 0.096) | |
| Chronic high | Indirect effect (a4*b) | − 0.286 (0.151) | (− 0.628; − 0.037) | − 0.046 (0.024) | (− 0.101; − 0.006) |
| Direct effect (c4') | − 1.991 (0.695)* | (− 3.322; − 0.674) | − 0.320 (0.112)* | (− 0.537; − 0.107) | |
| Total effect | − 2.278 (0.688)* | (− 3.666; − 0.921) | − 0.366 (0.111)* | (− 0.584; − 0.147) |
B unstandardized coefficient; β standardized coefficient; CI confidence interval; SE standard error
*p < 0.05
aRelative effect to the reference group (low depressive symptoms trajectory)
bEstimates for the fully adjusted model including family income, maternal education, maternal skin color, marital status, and adolescent’s sex in all pathways