TABLE 2.
Characteristics of 65 patients with metabolic syndrome divided according to the severity of carotid atherosclerosis identified with the echo-color Doppler study.
| Carotid atherosclerosis | Moderate 0.1–1.5 mm (n = 25) | Severe >1.6 mm and/or plaque (n = 40) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years [IQR] | 56 (49–59) | 59 (54–62) | 0.216 |
| Sex, male (%) | 14 (56.0) | 26 (65.0) | 0.468 |
| Waist circumference, cm [IQR] | 104 (96–111) | 107 (102–113) | 0.641 |
| Weight, kg [IQR] | 82 (72–98) | 86 (79–96) | 0.518 |
| BMI, kg/m2 [IQR] | 30.3 (28.3–33.7) | 29.1 (27.6–32.2) | 0.434 |
| sBP, mmHg [IQR] | 145 (140–152) | 143 (131–151) | 0.491 |
| dBP, mmHg [IQR] | 88 (80–94) | 85 (80–90) | 0.457 |
| Active smoker, (%) | 7 (28.0) | 12 (30.0) | 0.863 |
| Tc, mg/dL [IQR] | 236 (205–257) | 249 (203–276) | 0.434 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL [IQR] | 40 (34–48) | 37 (32–45) | 0.295 |
| Non-HDL-c, mg/dL [IQR] | 171 (153–205) | 196 (169–225) | 0.064 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL [IQR] | 153 (125–177) | 153 (109–175) | 0.989 |
| TG, mg/dL [IQR] | 201 (166–264) | 264 (149–363) | 0.184 |
| Glycemia, mg/dL [IQR] | 101 (95–109) | 106 (94–116) | 0.232 |
| HbA1c mmol/mol [IQR] | 38 (35–43) | 42 (37–45) | 0.136 |
| Lp(a), mg/dl [IQR] | 6 (2–12) | 11.5 (6–29.5) | 0.018 |
| CRP, mg/L [IQR] | 2.87 (1.66–7.37) | 2.57 (1.6–6.97) | 0.976 |
| 10-year ASCVD risk (SCORE), % [IQR] | 1.77 (0.63–4.17) | 2.32 (0.94–4.07) | 0.716 |
| MetS criteria | 0.592 | ||
| n = 3 (%) | 12 (48.0%) | 15 (37.5%) | |
| n = 4 (%) | 7 (28.0%) | 16 (40.0%) | |
| n = 5 (%) | 6 (24.0%) | 9 (22.5%) | |
| Statin use, n (%) | 6 (24.0)</u> | 8 (20.0) | 0.762 |
| Ezetimibe use, n (%) | 2 (8.0) | 2 (5) | 0.635 |
| Aspirin use, n (%) | 1 (4.0) | 9 (22.5) | 0.075 |
| ACE-inhibitor use, n (%) | 4 (16.0) | 6 (15.0) | 1.000 |
| ARB-inhibitor use, n (%) | 9 (36.0) | 24 (60.0) | 0.798 |
p-value# refers to comparisons between moderate and severe groups analyzed with the Mann–Whitney test. M, male; BMI, body mass index; IQR, interquartile range; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; G, glycemia; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; Lp(a), lipoprotein (a); CRP, C-reactive protein; ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; MetS, metabolic syndrome; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers.
Bold underlines significant values.