Table 1.
Summary of maternal and fetal outcomes (percentage estimate 95% confidence intervals) with various anticoagulation regimens (modified from D'Souza and colleagues with permission from Oxford University Press).7 Estimates obtained through random-effects meta-analysis of findings from 2468 pregnancies. ∗Includes both unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin in the first trimester and VKAs in the second and third trimesters. VKA, vitamin K antagonist.
| Anticoagulation regimen during pregnancy | Maternal mortality | Maternal thromboembolic complications | Live births | Warfarin embryopathy and fetopathy |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VKA throughout pregnancy | 0.9 (0.1–1.6) | 2.7 (1.4–4.0) | 64.5 (48.8–80.2) | 2.0 (0.3–3.7) |
| Sequential treatment∗ | 2.0 (0.8–3.1) | 5.8 (3.8–7.7) | 79.9 (74.3–85.6) | 2.2 (0.2–4.3) |
| Low-molecular-weight heparin throughout pregnancy | 2.9 (0.2–5.7) | 8.7 (3.9–13.4) | 92.0 (86.1–98.0) | Not applicable |
| Unfractionated heparin throughout pregnancy | Not estimable | 11.2 (2.8–19.6) | 11.2 (2.8–19.6) | Not applicable |