Fig. 4.

Inferred ecological consequences of the transition from tortoises to exotic livestock for the plants of El Junco, Galápagos. Schematic diagram showing the potential influence of tortoise capture, its effect on tortoise migration, and the introduction of exotic livestock on native and exotic floral elements around El Junco. Purple-colored icons indicate rewilded conspecifics or the nearest ecological equivalent brought from other islands. Extant endemic plants, especially Alternanthera spp., have such reduced populations that they will need active cultivation and restoration.