Table 4.
Estimated direct, indirect, and total effects of treatment (NDV vaccination), time in trial, and MAM and SAM diagnoses and interventions
| Estimate | P > |z| | 90% CI | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Average treatment effect: HAZ† | |||||
| Direct | Average monthly | 0.0071 | 0.380 | −0.0062 | 0.0203 |
| Indirect | Average monthly | 0.0045* | 0.084 | 0.0002 | 0.0089 |
| Total | Average monthly | 0.0116 | 0.170 | −0.0023 | 0.0255 |
| Direct | Full trial | 0.1269 | 0.380 | −0.1111 | 0.365 |
| Indirect | Full trial | 0.0817* | 0.084 | 0.0039 | 0.1596 |
| Total | Full trial | 0.2087 | 0.170 | −0.0416 | 0.459 |
| Average treatment effect: WHZ† | |||||
| Direct | Average monthly | 0.0060 | 0.253 | −0.0026 | 0.0145 |
| Indirect | Average monthly | −0.0005 | 0.286 | −0.0013 | 0.0003 |
| Total | Average monthly | 0.0054 | 0.302 | −0.0032 | 0.0141 |
| Direct | Full trial | 0.1074 | 0.253 | −0.0470 | 0.2619 |
| Indirect | Full trial | −0.0095 | 0.286 | −0.0243 | 0.0052 |
| Total | Full trial | 0.0979 | 0.302 | −0.0582 | 0.254 |
| Time in trial: HAZ‡ | |||||
| Direct | Average monthly | 0.0227*** | 0.008 | 0.0086 | 0.0368 |
| Indirect | Average monthly | 0.0045** | 0.043 | 0.0008 | 0.0082 |
| Total | Average monthly | 0.0272*** | 0.001 | 0.0135 | 0.0409 |
| Direct | Full trial | 0.4088** | 0.008 | 0.1546 | 0.6629 |
| Indirect | Full trial | 0.0810** | 0.043 | 0.0151 | 0.1470 |
| Total | Full trial | 0.4898*** | 0.001 | 0.2432 | 0.7364 |
| Time in trial: WHZ‡ | |||||
| Direct | Average monthly | 0.0063 | 0.138 | −0.0007 | 0.0134 |
| Indirect | Average monthly | −0.0011** | 0.045 | −0.0019 | −0.0002 |
| Total | Average monthly | 0.0053 | 0.219 | −0.0018 | 0.0124 |
| Direct | Full trial | 0.1143 | 0.138 | −0.0126 | 0.2411 |
| Indirect | Full trial | −0.0191** | 0.045 | −0.0348 | −0.0034 |
| Total | Full trial | 0.0951 | 0.219 | −0.0322 | 0.2225 |
| Time since MAM and SAM diagnosis intervention effect: HAZ‡ | |||||
| Direct | MAM | −0.0095 | 0.607 | −0.0398 | 0.0208 |
| Indirect | MAM | 0.0003 | 0.954 | −0.0076 | 0.0081 |
| Total | MAM | −0.0092 | 0.617 | −0.0395 | 0.0211 |
| Direct | SAM | −0.0133 | 0.562 | −0.0510 | 0.0244 |
| Indirect | SAM | −0.0124 | 0.429 | −0.0382 | 0.0134 |
| Total | SAM | −0.0257 | 0.312 | −0.0675 | 0.0161 |
| Time since MAM and SAM diagnosis intervention effect: WHZ‡ | |||||
| Direct | MAM | 0.0202 | 0.130 | −0.0018 | 0.0421 |
| Indirect | MAM | 0.0001 | 0.870 | −0.0011 | 0.0013 |
| Total | MAM | 0.0203 | 0.129 | −0.0017 | 0.0423 |
| Direct | SAM | 0.0494* | 0.042 | 0.0094 | 0.0893 |
| Indirect | SAM | −0.0017 | 0.708 | −0.0094 | 0.0059 |
| Total | SAM | 0.0476* | 0.056 | 0.0067 | 0.0886 |
Average treatment effect estimates for HAZ and WHZ are based on Eq. 3 (Materials and Methods) and the applicable parameter estimates from regressions presented in Tables 2 and 3. Time in trial effects were calculated based on Eq. 5 and parameter estimates from Tables 2 and 3. MAM and SAM diagnosis and intervention effects (applied to both the primary treatment group and the control group) are calculated based on Eq. 4 (Materials and Methods) and parameter estimates from Tables 2 and 3. All estimates in this table and associated P values and CIs were generated using Stata 17 nlcom routine. *Statistically significant at P < 0.10; **statistically significant at P < 0.05; ***statistically significant at P < 0.01.
†Treatment households only.
‡All households.