Table 1.
Definitions of Commonly Used Terminology for Describing Gastrointestinal Diseases Affecting the Common Marmoset
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Acute | Sudden or abrupt onset with short duration or course (0–14 d); may be more severe, self-limiting, or responsive to short-term medical treatment |
Chronic | Consistent (≥50%) or continually recurs over long duration (>14 d), requiring multiple treatments or continual medical treatment |
Intermittent | Occurs at intervals or alternating periods of normal and abnormal, not continuous, self-limiting or responsive to short-term medical treatment but returns after period of time |
GI malabsorption | Poor or decreased uptake or incorporation of nutrients by GI tract due to intestinal inflammation or other disease process |
IBD | Group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation of GI tract |
CLE | Type of IBD in the marmoset requiring histologic diagnosis, defined by villous blunting and fusion, crypt hyperplasia, and expansion of lamina propria due to many lymphocytes |
Emesis/vomiting | Expulsion of material from stomach and/or intestinal tract through mouth |
Hematochezia | Expulsion of fresh or frank blood from anus or presence of frank blood associated with feces |
Melena | Dark, sticky feces containing digested blood |
Mucoid | Contains viscous, slippery substance consisting of mucus (mucin, water, salts) |
Metabolic bone disease | Group of disorders resulting in remodeling of bone tissue (eg, osteopenia, fibrous osteodystrophy, rickets) |
Hepatomegaly | Enlargement of liver or liver tissue, clinically diagnosed by palpation of liver tissue extending beyond margins of costal arch |
Thin | Body condition score ≤2.0 and/or weight ≤325 g |
Obese | Body condition score ≥4.0 and/or weight ≥450 g |
CLE = chronic lymphocytic enteritis; GI = gastrointestinal; IBD = inflammatory bowel disease.