Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Patients by Treatment Group.
| Characteristic | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Varenicline group (n = 150) | Placebo group (n = 150) | |
| Sex | ||
| Female | 33 (22.0) | 31 (20.7) |
| Male | 117 (78.0) | 119 (79.3) |
| Age, mean (SE), y | 57.3 (0.8) | 57.4 (0.8) |
| Educational level | ||
| Primary | 21 (14.0) | 26 (17.3) |
| Secondary, first degree | 59 (39.3) | 63 (42.0) |
| Secondary, second degree | 54 (36.0) | 51 (34.0) |
| Doctoral degree | 16 (10.7) | 10 (6.7) |
| No. of cigarettes smoked per d, median (IQR) | 25 (20-35) | 25 (20-40) |
| Duration of smoking, median (IQR), y | 42 (35-48) | 41 (35-47) |
| No. of packs smoked per y, median (IQR) | 50.8 (36.4-70.8) | 53.4 (35.0-70.0) |
| Proportion with quitting attempts | 84 (56.0) | 75 (50.0) |
| Self-efficacy score by VAS | 5 (5-7) | 5 (4-8) |
| Motivation to quit score by VAS | 9 (6-10) | 9 (7-10) |
| FTCD score, median (IQR) | 6 (4-8) | 6 (5-8) |
| BAI score, median (IQR) | 6 (3-12) | 8 (2-16) |
| BDI-II score, median (IQR) | 7 (3-13) | 8 (3-14) |
| GN-SBQ score, median (IQR) | 18 (11-23) | 19 (12-22) |
| Hemoglobin A1c level, mean (SE), % | 7.68 (0.12) | 7.63 (0.13) |
| Type 2 diabetes medications | ||
| Metformin | 124 (82.7) | 129 (86.0) |
| Insulin or insulin analogs | 74 (49.3) | 77 (51.3) |
| Statins | 65 (43.3) | 62 (41.3) |
| GLP-1 receptor agonist | 44 (29.3) | 45 (30.0) |
| Sulphonylureas (includes repaglinide) | 35 (23.3) | 38 (25.3) |
| DPP-4 inhibitors | 28 (18.7) | 23 (15.3) |
| α-Glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose) | 18 (12.0) | 14 (9.3) |
| Glitazones | 3 (2.0) | 5 (3.4) |
Abbreviations: BAI, Beck Anxiety Inventory; BDI-II, Beck Depression Inventory II; DPP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; FTCD, Fagerström Test for Cigarette Dependence; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; GN-SBQ, Glover-Nilsson Smoking Behavioral Questionnaire; VAS, visual analog scale.
SI conversion: To convert to proportion of total hemoglobin, multiply by 0.01.