Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the medical patient admitted to ICU before and during COVID-19 pandemic
| Total patients before propensity score matching | Propensity score matched patients | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All patients (n = 1161) | Before COVID-19 pandemic (n = 619) | During COVID-19 pandemic (n = 542) | p value | All patients (n = 794) | Before COVID-19 pandemic (n = 397) | During COVID-19 pandemic (n = 397) | p value | |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 68.1 ± 15.7 | 67.8 ± 15.1 | 68.6 ± 16.3 | 0.441 | 68.3 ± 15.8 | 68.7 ± 15.2 | 67.9 ± 16.4 | 0.483 |
| Sex (male, %) | 739 (69.7) | 396 (64.0) | 343 (63.3) | 0.807 | 298 | 149 | 149 | 1.00 |
| Charlson comorbidity score | 4.2 ± 1.9 | 4.18 ± 1.90 | 4.16 ± 1.97 | 0.859 | 4.10 ± 1.96 | 4.10 ± 1.89 | 4.10 ± 1.93 | 0.970 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 471 (40.5) | 244 (39.4) | 227 (41.9) | 0.452 | 318 | 156 | 162 | 0.547 |
| Hypertension (%) | 627 (54.0) | 328 (53.0) | 299 (55.2) | 0.483 | 435 | 213 | 222 | 0.521 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 307 (26.4) | 162 (26.2) | 145 (26.8) | 0.842 | 201 | 90 | 111 | 0.102 |
| COPD/Asthma (%) | 107 (9.2) | 57 (9.2) | 50 (9.2) | 1.00 | 61 | 30 | 31 | 1.00 |
| Liver cirrhosis (%) | 67 (5.8) | 41 (6.6) | 26 (4.8) | 0.208 | 43 | 20 | 23 | 0.754 |
| Chronic kidney disease (IV, V) (%) | 118 (10.2) | 63 (10.1) | 55 (10.1) | 1.00 | 85 | 40 | 45 | 0.646 |
| Malignancy (%) | 168 (14.5) | 106 (17.1) | 62 (11.4) | 0.007 | 102 | 59 | 43 | 0.111 |
| Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 197 (17.0) | 109 (17.6) | 88 (16.2) | 0.583 | 137 | 75 | 62 | 0.260 |
| Severity indices | ||||||||
|
SAPS 3 (mean ± SD, Median [IQR]) |
69.1 ± 19.7 68 (54–83) |
65.9 ± 18.6 64 (52–77) |
72.7 ± 20.3 72 (57–87) |
< 0.001 |
70.8 ± 8.5 70 (56–84) |
71.0 ± 18.7 70 (56–84) |
70.5 ± 19.7 70 (56–84) |
0.712 |
|
SOFA score on ER admission (mean ± SD, Median [IQR)] |
7.6 ± 4.2 7 (5–10) |
7.2 ± 4.2 7 (4–10) |
8.1 ± 4.2 8 (5–11) |
< 0.001 |
7.8 ± 4.2 7 (5–11) |
7.9 ± 4.2 7 (5–11) |
7.8 ± 4.2 7 (5–11) |
0.899 |
|
SOFA score on ICU admission (mean ± SD, Median [IQR)]) |
7.2 ± 4.4 7 (4–10) |
6.8 ± 4.4 6 (4–9) |
7.7 ± 4.4 7 (4–10) |
0.001 |
7.6 ± 4.5 7 (4–10) |
7.6 ± 5.6 7 (4–11) |
7.5 ± 4.5 7 (4–10) |
0.975 |
| Cause of admission | ||||||||
| Respiratory disease (%) | 367 (31.6) | 180 (29.1) | 187 (34.5) | 0.050 | 261 (32.9) | 129 (32.5) | 132 (33.2) | 0.880 |
| Sepsis (except pneumonia) (%) | 238 (20.5) | 129 (20.8) | 109 (20.1) | 0.071 | 162 (20.4) | 79 (19.9) | 83 (20.9) | 0.792 |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 212 (18.3) | 128 (20.7) | 84 (15.5) | 0.027 | 137 (17.3) | 69 (17.4) | 68 (17.1) | 1.00 |
| Liver cirrhosis related event (%) | 102 (8.8) | 62 (10.0) | 40 (7.4) | 0.120 | 57 (7.2) | 28 (7.1) | 29 (7.3) | 1.00 |
| Other (DKA, pancreatitis, etc.) (%) | 242 (20.8) | 120 (19.4) | 122 (22.5) | 0.193 | 177 (22.2) | 92 (23.2) | 85 (21.4) | 0.609 |
COVID, corona virus disease; ICU, intensive care unit; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; SAPS, simplified acute physiology score; SOFA, sequential organ failure assessment; DKA, diabetic ketoacidosis