Fig. 1. Involvement of cGAS and/or STING in disease.

The cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has been implicated in systemic disease processes, including autoimmunity, autoinflammation, ageing and cancer, as well as organ-specific diseases that target the eyes, brain, lungs, heart, kidneys, skin and intestines. cGAS–STING is also involved in the response to many viral infections, which can be systemic or local. AKI, acute kidney injury; COPA, coatomer protein subunit-α; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; SAVI, STING-associated vasculopathy with onset in infancy.