Varughese 1994.
| Methods | Prospective, randomized trial | |
| Participants | N = 180 children, age 3 to 12 years, weight < 30 kg, ASA I‐II for minor day surgery | |
| Interventions | Early removal ‐ The LMA was removed at the end of surgery when 2% halothane in oxygen 100% was administered for 5 minutes Late removal ‐ The LMA was removed upon return of protective airway reflexes and consciousness |
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| Outcomes | Laryngospasm Coughing Desaturation Postop nausea or vomiting Obstruction Excess salivation Clenching of teeth Use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) after LMA removal Use of oropharyngeal airway, altered head position, jaw lift, suctioning |
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| Notes | No premedication Induction ‐ propofol Maintenance ‐ N2O + O2+ halothane followed by spontaneous breathing |
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| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | "Randomly allocated to one of two groups" |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | COMMENT ‐ No mention of allocation concealment |
| Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Of outcome assessor to all outcomes | High risk | Not done |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | COMMENT ‐ Outcome data reported for all 180 patients included |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | COMMENT ‐ Though no explicit statement, the outcomes mentioned in methodology have been reported |
ASA = American Society of Anesthesiologists (physical classification scale) CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure EEG = electroencephalography ITT = intention‐to‐treat LMA = laryngeal mask airway MAC = minimal alveolar concentration OR = operating room PACU = postanaesthesia care unit SpO2 = peripheral capillary oxygen saturation