TABLE 1.
Characteristics of Parkinson’s disease patients and healthy controls considered in this study. Body mass index (BMI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), Scales for Outcomes in Parkinson’s disease–Autonomic Dysfunction (SCOPA–AUT), Orthostatic Hypotension Questionnaire (OHQ), Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI), Movement Disorder Society–Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS–UPDRS), Levodopa Equivalent Daily Dosage (LEDD). The table lists the Wilcoxon rank sum comparison p-value between Parkinson’s disease patients (PD) and healthy controls (HC).
| HC | PD | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64 ± 10 | 65 ± 5 | 0.83 |
| Weight (kg) | 73.66 ± 12.06 | 85.90 ± 17.12 | 0.01 |
| Height (cm) | 165.61 ± 9.73 | 173.76± 9.76 | 0.01 |
| BMI ( ) | 26.90 ± 3.77 | 28.30 ± 4.13 | 0.10 |
| < 18.5 | 0 (0%) | 1 (5%) | — |
| 18.5–24.9 | 6 (33%) | 3 (14%) | — |
| 25–29.9 | 10 (56%) | 11 (52%) | — |
| 30–34.9 | 2 (11%) | 6 (29%) | — |
| MOCA | 27.78± 1.59 | 26.95± 1.83 | 0.17 |
| SCOPA–AUT | 6.78 ± 3.21.61 | 13.38± 7.61 | 0.003 |
| OHQ | 5.67 ± 7.88 | 10.95 ± 12.58 | 0.13 |
| MFI | 40.28 ± 13.12 | 49.19 ± 18.39 | 0.13 |
| MDS–UPDRS | — | 24.90 ± 9.32 | — |
| Hoehn and Yahr scale | — | 1.52 ± 0.68 | — |
| Stage I | — | 12 (57%) | — |
| Stage II | — | 7 (33%) | — |
| Stage III | — | 2 (10%) | — |
| Medication (LEDD) | — | 755.38 ± 396.27 | — |
| Carbidopa/Levodopa alone | — | 11 (52%) | — |
| Carbidopa/Levodopa + Rasagiline | — | 4 (19%) | — |
| Carbidopa/Levodopa + Ropinirole | — | 2 (10%) | — |
| Carbidopa/Levodopa + Pramipexole | — | 2 (10%) | — |
| Carbidopa/Levodopa extended-release + Rasagiline | — | 1 (5%) | — |
| Rasagiline alone | — | 1 (5%) | — |