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. 2022 Jun 8;16:876376. doi: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.876376

Figure 1.

Figure 1

The olfactory conditioning and the honeybee brain. (A) A hungry bee fixed to a tube extends its proboscis (tongue) when the sucrose receptors on the antennae are stimulated. Forward pairing of an odor puff (as CS) with sucrose solution (as US) leads to fast learning as expressed by exposing the bee to the CS alone later. (B) The brain of the bee can be exposed to neurophysiological recordings without compromising the learning of an odor stimulus.