Table 5.
Risk factors for development of diffuse temporal bone osteoradionecrosis (TBORN).
| Factor | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
|
| ||||
| Age | 1.01 (0.98−1.03) | 0.561 | ||
| Sex | 0.76 (0.37−1.56) | 0.451 | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Diabetes | 3.12 (1.05−9.23) | 0.040* | 4.02 (1.22−13.2) | 0.022* |
| Maxillary ORN | 6.93 (0.75−63.96) | 0.088 | ||
| Hypothyroidism | 1.49 (0.71−3.13) | 0.292 | ||
| Dyslipidemia | 1.30 (0.59−2.87) | 0.514 | ||
| Mandibular ORN | 1.35 (0.49−3.68) | 0.563 | ||
| Smoking history | ||||
| Current | 2.55 (0.93−6.97) | 0.069 | ||
| Past | 1.46 (0.63−3.37) | 0.378 | ||
| Prior otologic surgery | 1.39 (0.63−3.09) | 0.415 | ||
| Mastoidectomy | 2.37 (0.69−8.20) | 0.172 | ||
| Primary malignancy | ||||
| Periauricular skin | 2.94 (0.98−8.86) | 0.055 | 3.52 (1.25−9.92) | 0.017* |
| Parotid | 1.59 (0.52−4.91) | 0.417 | ||
| Surgery for primary malignancy | 1.6 (0.70−3.64) | 0.263 | ||
| Radiation dose to primary tumor | 0.98 (0.94−1.03) | 0.421 | ||
| Received 3D-CRT | 2.32 (1.12−4.81) | 0.024* | 2.30 (1.02−5.15) | 0.044* |
| Received systemic therapy | 0.66 (0.32−1.35) | 0.253 | ||
| Recurrence of primary malignancy | 1.29 (0.61−2.71) | 0.500 | ||
| Second H&N malignancy | 0.96 (0.38−2.40) | 0.930 | ||
| H&N reirradiation | 0.99 (0.38−2.60) | 0.985 | ||
| EAC exposed bone | ||||
| Superior | 4.01 (0.91−17.64) | 0.066 | ||
| Anterior | 1.83 (0.87−3.84) | 0.110 | ||
| Inferior | 0.63 (0.28−1.40) | 0.256 | ||
| Posterior | 0.89 (0.38−2.07) | 0.779 | ||
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ORN, osteoradionecrosis; 3D-CRT, 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy; H&N, head and neck; EAC, external auditory canal.
*
Statistically significant (p < 0.05)