Table 1.
Baseline characteristic of the CRGNB colonized patients at active surveillance
| Infection after colonization, N = 152 | Colonization, N = 299 | P | OR (95%CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year, mean (SD) | 60.6 (12.4) | 59.0 (11.9) | 0.32 | / |
| Male sex, no. (%) | 112 (73.6%) | 206 (68.9%) | 0.29 | 0.85 (0.51–1.22) |
| Primary disease (%) | ||||
| Cerebrovascular accidents, no. (%) | 38 (25.0%) | 79 (26.4%) | 0.74 | 0.93 (0.59–1.45) |
| Cardiac insufficiency, no. (%) | 16 (10.5%) | 26 (8.7%) | 0.52 | 1.24 (0.64–2.38) |
| Trauma, no. (%) | 61 (40.1%) | 115 (38.5%) | 0.75 | 1.07 (0.72–1.59) |
| Infection, no. (%) | 49 (32.2%) | 82 (27.4%) | 0.28 | 1.25 (0.82–1.92) |
| Malignant tumor, no. (%) | 11 (7.2%) | 26 (8.7%) | 0.59 | 0.82 (0.39–1.71) |
| Diabetes mellitus, no. (%) | 14 (9.2%) | 41 (13.7%) | 0.17 | 0.64 (0.34–1.21) |
| APACHE II scores, median (IQR) | 16.8 (7.5–25.6) | 16.4 (8.0–29) | 0.29 | / |
| Intubation or tracheotomy, no. (%) | 76 (50.0%) | 162 (54.2%) | 0.40 | 0.86 (0.57–1.25) |
| Prior cephalosporins history, no. (%) | 116 (76.35) | 198 (66.2%) | 0.028 | 1.64 (1.05–2.56) |
| Prior carbapenems history, no. (%) | 71 (46.7%) | 44 (14.7%) | < 0.001 | 5.08 (3.23–7.97) |
| Invasive operation, no. (%) | 133 (87.5%) | 228 (76.3%) | 0.005 | 2.18 (1.26–3.78) |
| Operation History, no. (%) | 20 (13.2%) | 29 (9.7%) | 0.26 | 1.41 (0.76–2.58) |
| Glucocorticoid history, no. (%) | 44 (28.9%) | 47 (15.7%) | 0.001 | 2.18 (1.36–3.49) |
| Immunocompromise, no. (%) | 72 (47.4%) | 69 (23.1%) | < 0.001 | 3.00 (1.98–4.55) |
| Other hospital history, no. (%) | 90 (59.2%) | 147 (49.2%) | 0.043 | 1.52 (1.01–2.28) |
| Another department history, no. (%) | 52 (34.2%) | 67 (22.4%) | 0.007 | 1.80 (1.17–2.77) |
| CRGNB type, no. (%) | ||||
| CRKP | 60 (39.5%) | 80 (26.7%) | 0.006 | 1.78 (1.18–2.70) |
| CRPA | 56 (36.8%) | 90 (30.1%) | 0.15 | 1.35 (0.89–2.04) |
| CRAB | 32 (21.1%) | 102 (34.1%) | 0.004 | 0.51 (0.32–0.84) |
| Other CRE | 4 (2.6%) | 27 (9.0%) | 0.025 | 0.34 (0.12–0.90) |
| MIC of carbapenems (mg/L) | ||||
| Imipenem median (IQR) | 16 (8–64) | 16 (8–64) | 1.0 | / |
| Ertapenem median (IQR) | 8 (4–32) | 8 (4–32) | 1.0 | / |
| Active surveillance sites, no. (%) | ||||
| Throat swab and/or sputum culture | 115 (75.6%) | 213 (71.2%) | 0.31 | 1.25 (0.80–1.96) |
| Rectal swab and/or fecal culture | 30 (19.7%) | 72 (24.1%) | 0.29 | 0.77 (0.48–1.25) |
| Other cultures | 7 (4.6%) | 14 (4.7%) | 0.97 | 0.98 (0.38–2.48) |
| Septic shock, no. (%) | 84 (55.2%) | 81 (27.1%) | < 0.001 | 3.32 (2.21–5.00) |
| Acute kidney injury, no. (%) | 74 (48.7%) | 69 (23.1%) | < 0.001 | 3.16 (2.08–4.79) |
| Death, no. (%) | 39 (25.6%) | 42 (14.0%) | 0.002 | 2.11 (1.30–3.44) |
| Length of ICU stay, day, median (IQR) | 17.8 (3.0–34.5) | 8.9 (2.5–30.0) | < 0.001 | / |
| Length of hospital stay, day, median (IQR) | 27.6 (6.5–65.5) | 19.3 (5.0–45.0) | < 0.001 | / |
CRGNB: carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria; CRKP: carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae; CRAB: carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii; CRPA: carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa; CRE: carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria; SD: standard deviation; APACHE II: acute physiology and chronic health evaluation; IQR: interquartile range; ICU: intensive care unit; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval