. 2022 Jan 25;13(6):647–675. doi: 10.1039/d2md00009a

Covid-19 vaccine candidates in different clinical trial phases.

Sl no	Vaccine name	Developer	Vaccine type	Number of doses with schedule and route of administration	Current status	Clinical trial report
1	CoronaVac	Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China	Inactivated virus	2 doses at 14 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 3	From phase 2 clinical trial, it was deduced that 3 μg dose of CoronaVac is suggested for assessment in phase 3 trial
1	CoronaVac	Sinovac Life Sciences, Beijing, China	Inactivated virus	2 doses at 14 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 3	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30843-4
2	ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222)	AstraZeneca + University of Oxford	Viral vector (non-replicating)	2 doses at 28 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 4	With an overall efficacy of 70.4% in phase 3 clinical trials ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 has been signalled for mass administration and phase 4 trials
2	ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222)	AstraZeneca + University of Oxford	Viral vector (non-replicating)	2 doses at 28 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 4	DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32661-1
3	Recombinant novel coronavirus vaccine (adenovirus type 5 vector)	CanSino Biological Inc./Beijing Institute of Biotechnology	Viral vector (non-replicating)	Single dose	Phase 3	With the administration of this vaccine at 2 different doses (1 × 10¹¹ and 5 × 10¹⁰ viral particles) it was found that both doses could induce neutralizing antibody in response to live SARS-CoV-2. The safe dose of 5 × 10¹⁰ viral particles induced significant immune response
3		CanSino Biological Inc./Beijing Institute of Biotechnology	Viral vector (non-replicating)	Single dose	Phase 3	DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31605-6
4	Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V)	“Gamaleya Research Institute; Health Ministry of the Russian Federation”	Viral vector (non-replicating)	2 doses at 21 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 3	The interim analysis of a phase 3 clinical trial showed that Sputnik V was 91.6% effective against COVID-19 and was well tolerated in a large cohort
4	Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V)		Viral vector (non-replicating)	2 doses at 21 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 3	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00234-8
5	mRNA-1273	Moderna + National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	mRNA vaccine	2 doses at 28 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 4	The mRNA-1273 vaccine was capable of preventing severe disease with an overall efficacy of 94.1%. Apart from transient local and systemic reaction it did not elicit any major problems
5	mRNA-1273		mRNA vaccine	2 doses at 28 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 4	DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2035389
6	BNT162b2 (3 LNP-mRNAs), also known as “Comirnaty”	Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma	RNA based vaccine	2 doses at 21 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 4	BNT162b2 conferred 95% protection against Covid-19 in persons who are 16 years or older
6	BNT162b2 (3 LNP-mRNAs), also known as “Comirnaty”	Pfizer/BioNTech + Fosun Pharma	RNA based vaccine	2 doses at 21 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 4	10.1056/NEJMoa2034577
7	Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CHO cell)	Anhui Zhifei Longcom Biopharmaceutical + Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences	Protein subunit vaccine	2 doses at 28 day interval or 3 doses at 28 day interval via intra muscular route	Phase 3	This protein subunit vaccine was found to be well tolerated and significantly immunogenic. The 25 μg dose in a 3 dose schedule is being studied for its safety and efficacy on a broad scale
7	Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CHO cell)		Protein subunit vaccine		Phase 3	DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00127-4