| Study | Reason for exclusion |
|---|---|
| Abd‐Elsalam 2021 | Retrospective trial registration |
| Ahmed 2020 | No trial registration |
| Babalola 2021 | Active comparator: ivermectin compared to a control (lopinavir/ritonavir) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect |
| Behera 2020 | Irrelevant study design: case‐control study |
| Biber 2021 | Retrospective trial registration |
| Cadegiani 2020 | Irrelevant study design: historical control group, i.e. not RCT |
| Camprubi 2020 | Irrelevant study design: retrospective study |
| Carvallo 2020 | Irrelevant study design: prospective cohort study; additionally ivermectin was administered in combination with other active drugs with unknown influence on COVID‐19 |
| Chachar 2020 | Retrospective trial registration |
| Chahla 2021a | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active substance (iota‐carrageenan) with unknown influence on prevention of COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| Chahla 2021b | Irrelevant study design: cluster‐randomized trial |
| Chowdhury 2021 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (doxycycline) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. Additionally, the study used an active comparator with unproven efficacy (hydroxychloroquine + azithromycin). |
| CTRI/2020/08/027282 | Active comparator: ivermectin compared to a control (vitamin supplements) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| CTRI/2020/08/027394 | Active comparator: ivermectin compared to a control (chloroquine/azithromycin/vitamin supplements) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| CTRI/2020/10/028335 | Active comparator: ivermectin was compared to a control (tinefcon) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. Additionally,ivermectin was administered in combination with another active drug (hydroxychloroquine) with unknown influence on COVID‐19. |
| CTRI/2021/03/031665 | Active comparator: ivermectin compared to a control (vitamin C) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| Elgazzar 2020 |
Active comparator (treatment arm): ivermectin was compared to a control (hydroxychloroquine) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. Irrelevant population (prevention arm): participants investigated formed a distinguishable group with both pre‐exposure and postexposure risk. No examination on possible infection that had already taken place at randomization. Study retracted due to ethical concerns on 14 July 2021 |
| Faisal 2020 | No trial registration; further author request sent (unclear study design, the term "cross‐sectional study" is used, which indicates that it is not a RCT); no clarifying response received from the author |
| Galan 2021 | Active comparator: ivermectin compared to control arms (hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| Gorial 2020 | Irrelevant study design: historical control group, i.e. not RCT |
| Hashim 2020 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (doxycycline) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| IRCT20180922041089N4 | Irrelevant population: study plans to also include participants with diagnosis of COVID‐19 based on suspect CT scan without PCR or antigen test confirmation. |
| IRCT20200408046987N2 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (sofosbuvir/daclatasvir) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| Kishoria 2020 | No trial registration |
| Lima‐Morales 2021 | Irrelevant study design: prospective cohort study; additionallyivermectin was administered in combination with other active drugs (azithromycin, montelukast, aspirin) with unknown influence on COVID‐19. |
| Mahmud 2021 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (doxycycline) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| Morgenstern 2020 | Irrelevant study design: retrospective study |
| Mustaq 2021 | Irrelevant study design: quasi‐experimental study |
| NCT04345419 | Irrelevant intervention: registry entry changed investigated intervention from ivermectin to remdesivir. |
| NCT04360356 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (nitazoxanide) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| NCT04373824 | Irrelevant study design: non‐randomized study |
| NCT04374279 | Irrelevant intervention: registry entry changed investigated intervention from ivermectin to only bicalutamide. |
| NCT04382846 | Irrelevant intervention: registry entry changed investigated intervention from ivermectin to only nitazoxanide. |
| NCT04392427 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (nitazoxanide/ribavirin) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| NCT04435587 | Active comparator: ivermectin was compared to a control (darunavir/ritonavir/hydroxychloroquine) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| NCT04447235 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (losartan) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| NCT04482686 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (doxycycline) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| NCT04530474 | Irrelevant population: study plans to include participants with diagnosis of COVID‐19 only based on suspected symptoms without PCR or antigen test confirmation. |
| NCT04551755 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (doxycycline) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| NCT04703608 | Irrelevant population: study plans to also include participants with diagnosis of COVID‐19 based on suspect clinical or radiological symptoms without PCR or antigen test confirmation. |
| NCT04723459 | Irrelevant intervention: study plans to investigate ivermectin in impregnated masks, not its systemic effect in the human body. |
| NCT04768179 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (aspirin) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| NCT04937569 | Irrelevant study design: prospective cohort study |
| NCT04951362 | Irrelevant population: participants investigated are in a post‐infection state. No examination on effect on acute COVID‐19. |
| Niaee 2021 |
Irrelevant population: study included around 30% of SARS‐CoV‐2‐negative participants, which we did not consider appropriate to include into evidence regarding treatment of COVID‐19. Furhter expressions of concerns regarding the study's design were published. |
| Okumuş 2021 | Retrospective trial registration |
| Ozer 2021 | Irrelevant study design: observational study |
| Podder 2020 | No trial registration |
| Rajter 2021 | Irrelevant study design: retrospective study. |
| Samaha 2021 | Retraction notice |
| Seet 2021 | Active comparator: ivermectin compared to control arms (hydroxychloroquine/povidone‐iodine/vitamin supplements) with unknown influence on prevention of COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
| Shah Bukhari 2021 | Retrospective trial registration |
| Shahbaznejad 2021 | Irrelevant population: study included 76.8% participants with unknown or negative SARS‐CoV‐2 status, which we did not consider appropriate to include in evidence regarding treatment of COVID‐19. |
| Shouman 2021 | Irrelevant study design: author request sent (even though the register entry and study protocol use the term "randomization", the method of assignment described in the study protocol does not seem to fulfil randomization criteria); response received from the author revealed that the study was not a RCT |
| Spoorthi 2020 | Combined intervention: ivermectin administered in combination with another active drug (doxycycline) with unknown influence on COVID‐19, which we did not consider eligible to determine ivermectin's true effect. |
COVID‐19: coronavirus disease 2019; CT: computer tomography; PCR: polymerase chain reaction; RCT: randomized controlled trial.