Table 1.
Comparison of the Clinical Characteristics of Patients with T2DM in the Community Between Those with DN and Those without DN
| Characteristics | Total | Male | Female | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal (n= 172) | Microalbuminuria (n=221) | Massive Albuminuria (n= 105) | P for Trend | Normal (n=112) | Microalbuminuria (n= 126) | Massive Albuminuria (n= 60) | P for Trend | Normal (n=60) | Microalbuminuria (n=95) | Massive Albuminuria (n=45) | P for Trend | |
| Age (y) | 55±13 | 60±14 | 60±13 | 0.005 | 53±13 | 57±14 | 57±13 | 0.020 | 59±11 | 63±14 | 63±11 | 0.255 |
| *Duration (y) | 10 (3, 15) | 11 (6, 17) | 15 (9.5, 19) | <0.01 | 8 (2, 13) | 11 (6, 16) | 14 (7, 18.8) | <0.01 | 12 (4.3, 18.8) | 11 (5, 20) | 16 (13, 20) | 0.040 |
| BMI, kg/cm2 | 25.6±3.7 | 26.3±4.3 | 26.9±4.0 | 0.009 | 25.8±3.7 | 26.9±4.2 | 26.9±4.0 | 0.055 | 25.3±3.8 | 25.5±4.3 | 27.0±4.1 | 0.044 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 130±17 | 136±17 | 144±22 | <0.01 | 129±16 | 135±17 | 143±20 | <0.01 | 132±19 | 138±18 | 146±25 | 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79±11 | 80±12 | 81±11 | 0.106 | 80±10 | 81±12 | 84±11 | 0.066 | 77±11 | 78±11 | 79±10 | 0.484 |
| *AST (IU/L) | 18 (14, 23) | 19 (14, 26) | 17 (13, 22) | 0.190 | 18 (15, 24) | 18 (14, 25.3) | 17 (13, 24) | 0.328 | 18 (13, 21) | 19 (14, 26) | 17 (13, 21) | 0.411 |
| *ALT (IU/L) | 18 (14, 23) | 19 (12, 31) | 14 (11, 22.5) | 0.034 | 20 (14, 33.5) | 21 (13, 32.3) | 17 (12.3, 26) | 0.128 | 16 (12, 22) | 16 (11, 27) | 13 (9.5, 18.5) | 0.219 |
| *TG (mmol/L) | 1.5 (1.0, 2.3) | 1.7 (1.2, 2.5) | 1.8 (1.1, 2.4) | <0.01 | 1.5 (1.0, 2.3) | 1.8 (1.2, 2.5) | 1.7 (11.0, 2.3) | <0.01 | 1.4 (1.0, 2.2) | 1.6 (1.3, 2.4) | 2.1 (1.4, 2.7) | 0.005 |
| TC (mmol/L) | 4.6±1.1 | 4.5±1.3 | 4.9±1.2 | 0.066 | 4.6±1.0 | 4.4±1.4 | 4.8±1.0 | 0.452 | 4.6±1.1 | 4.7±1.1 | 5.1±1.4 | 0.072 |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 0.98±0.24 | 0.93±0.21 | 1.01±0.29 | 0.611 | 0.95±0.25 | 0.87±0.19 | 0.98±0.29 | 0.879 | 1.05±0.22 | 1.01±0.21 | 1.06±0.28 | 0.929 |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 2.72±0.8 | 2.59±0.90 | 2.85±0.81 | 0.386 | 2.74±0.73 | 2.46±0.82 | 2.82±0.72 | 0.921 | 2.68±0.94 | 2.75±0.97 | 2.91±0.92 | 0.233 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 8.3±3.0 | 8.7±3.1 | 9.5±3.1 | 0.002 | 8.5±3.3 | 8.8±3.0 | 9.5±3.2 | 0.049 | 8.0±2.7 | 8.6±3.2 | 9.5±2.9 | 0.009 |
| PPG (mmol/L) | 12.5±4.4 | 13.3±4.1 | 12.3±4.1 | 0.939 | 12.6±4.7 | 13.5±4.2 | 12.1±4.1 | 0.828 | 12.2±3.9 | 13.1±4.0 | 12.5±4.1 | 0.625 |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.8±2.2 | 9.2±2.0 | 9.4±2.2 | 0.040 | 9.0±2.3 | 9.3±2.0 | 9.3±2.2 | 0.262 | 8.7±1.8 | 9.2±2.0 | 9.4±2.1 | 0.043 |
| SUA (µmol/L) | 315.4±85.0 | 339.9±91.4 | 368.8±96.5 | <0.01 | 334.4±87.3 | 355.2±89.4 | 384.5±98.1 | 0.001 | 279.9±68.1 | 319.6±90.6 | 347.8±91.0 | <0.01 |
| * CRE (µmol/L) | 62 (53.3, 74.5) | 66 (54, 79) | 81 (62.5, 120) | <0.01 | 67 (58, 78.8) | 71 (61, 83.3) | (67.5, 128) | <0.01 | 52.5 (46, 60) | 58 (47, 68) | 67 (57.5, 98) | <0.01 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 149.4±27.5 | 145.0±28.7 | 121.1±40 | <0.01 | 140.7±21.8 | 136.1±23.2 | 111.1±33.5 | <0.01 | 165.6±29.9 | 156.9±31.1 | 134.3±44.3 | <0.01 |
| Asprosin (pg/mL) | 314.2±81.1 | 338.6±89.7 | 365.0±88.5 | <0.01 | 332.6±81.7 | 352.8±86.7 | 377.9±85.0 | <0.01 | 279.9±68.1 | 319.7±90.6 | 347.9±91.0 | <0.01 |
| ACEI/ARB n (%) | 8 (4.7) | 27 (12.2) | 10 (9.5) | 0.086 | 5 (4.5%) | 16 (12.7) | 7 (11.7) | 0.065 | 3 (5) | 11 (11.6) | 3 (11.6) | 0.656 |
Note: *Kruskal–Wallis H-test.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; FPG, fasting blood glucose; PPG, blood glucose at 2 hours after meals; HbA1c, glycosylated haemoglobin; SUA, serum uric acid; CRE, creatinine; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACR, albumin-to-creatinine ratio; ACEI/ARB n, ACEI/ARB therapy.