Table 2.
Characteristics of 240 Patients with IE in the Three Age Groups
| Variables, n (%) | Group A (N=104) | Group B (N=103) | Group C (N=33) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A vs B | B vs C | A vs C | ||||
| Male | 66 (63.5) | 69 (67.0) | 19 (57.6) | 0.594 | 0.325 | 0.544 |
| Clinical manifestations | ||||||
| Fever | 82 (78.8) | 79 (76.7) | 28 (84.8) | 0.710 | 0.320 | 0.450 |
| Chest tightness/asthma | 37 (35.6) | 52 (50.5) | 15 (45.5) | 0.030* | 0.615 | 0.308 |
| Cardiac murmur | 90 (86.5) | 87 (84.5) | 28 (84.8) | 0.672 | 0.958 | 0.807 |
| Predisposing factors | ||||||
| CHD | 31 (29.8) | 18 (17.5) | 2 (6.1) | 0.037* | 0.107 | 0.005* |
| RHD | 6 (5.8) | 12 (11.7) | 3 (9.1) | 0.133 | 0.683 | 0.502 |
| Previous heart valve surgery | 10 (9.6) | 9 (8.7) | 4 (12.1) | 0.827 | 0.565 | 0.679 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Hypertension | 9 (8.7) | 30 (29.1) | 21 (63.6) | <0.001* | <0.001* | <0.001* |
| Diabetes | 6 (5.8) | 19 (18.4) | 5 (15.2) | 0.005* | 0.666 | 0.084 |
| Renal disease | 2 (1.9) | 3 (2.9) | 3 (9.1) | 0.643 | 0.133 | 0.056 |
| Liver disease | 4 (3.8) | 1 (1.0) | 2 (6.1) | 0.178 | 0.083 | 0.588 |
| History of cancer | 3 (2.9) | 4 (3.9) | 4 (12.1) | 0.691 | 0.080 | 0.036* |
| Dialysis | 3 (2.9) | 1 (1.0) | 1 (3.0) | 0.317 | 0.392 | 0.965 |
| Complications | ||||||
| Intracranial infection | 8 (7.7) | 5 (4.9) | 1 (3.0) | 0.400 | 0.657 | 0.346 |
| Septic shock | 2 (1.9) | 2 (1.9) | 2 (6.1) | 0.992 | 0.223 | 0.219 |
| Splenomegaly | 31 (29.8) | 14 (13.6) | 3 (9.1) | 0.005* | 0.496 | 0.016* |
| Cerebral hemorrhage | 8 (7.7) | 9 (8.7) | 1 (3.0) | 0.784 | 0.274 | 0.346 |
| Cerebral emboli | 10 (9.6) | 9 (8.7) | 2 (6.1) | 0.827 | 0.624 | 0.529 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 3 (2.9) | 11 (10.7) | 8 (24.2) | 0.026* | 0.050 | <0.001* |
| NYHA class III–IV | 38 (36.5) | 38 (36.9) | 14 (42.4) | 0.958 | 0.569 | 0.544 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||||
| Vegetation size ≥ 10mm | 42 (40.4) | 62 (60.2) | 12 (36.4) | 0.004* | 0.017* | 0.680 |
| Mitral location | 53 (51.0) | 54 (52.4) | 17 (51.5) | 0.833 | 0.927 | 0.956 |
| Aortic location | 53 (51.0) | 47 (45.6) | 16 (48.5) | 0.443 | 0.775 | 0.804 |
| Multivalvular infection | 28 (26.9) | 14 (13.6) | 7 (21.2) | 0.017* | 0.292 | 0.512 |
| Prosthetic valves infection | 9 (8.7) | 9 (8.7) | 3 (9.1) | 0.983 | 0.950 | 0.938 |
| Valvular perforation | 15 (14.4) | 17 (16.5) | 5 (15.2) | 0.679 | 0.854 | 0.918 |
| Paravalvular abscess | 16 (15.4) | 12 (11.7) | 0 | 0.432 | 0.040* | 0.017* |
| Moderate or severe valve stenosis | 4 (3.8) | 11 (10.7) | 2 (6.1) | 0.058 | 0.432 | 0.588 |
| Rupture of chordae tendinca | 8 (7.7) | 12 (11.7) | 1 (3.0) | 0.335 | 0.143 | 0.346 |
| Causative microorganism | ||||||
| Streptococcus spp. | 28 (26.9) | 23 (22.3) | 4 (12.1) | 0.443 | 0.201 | 0.080 |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 9 (8.7) | 8 (7.8) | 1 (3.0) | 0.816 | 0.341 | 0.279 |
| CoNS | 5 (4.8) | 4 (3.9) | 2 (6.1) | 0.744 | 0.596 | 0.776 |
| Enterococcus | 0 | 1 (1.0) | 3 (9.1) | 0.314 | 0.016* | 0.002* |
| Gram-negative bacilli | 6 (5.8) | 3 (2.9) | 3 (9.1) | 0.314 | 0.133 | 0.502 |
| Negative blood culture | 57 (54.8) | 63 (61.2) | 16 (48.5) | 0.354 | 0.199 | 0.526 |
| Surgical treatment | 80 (76.9) | 76 (73.8) | 17 (51.5) | 0.601 | 0.017* | 0.005* |
| In-hospital mortality | 5 (4.9) | 4 (3.9) | 6 (18.2) | 0.744 | 0.006* | 0.014* |
Note: *P<0.05.