Table 1.
Characteristics of individuals enrolled in the PHAROS registry with at least one hospitalization
| Clinical Characteristic | Total (n = 307) | No readmission within 12 months (n = 203) | ≥1 readmission within 12 months (n = 104) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (s.d.), years | 57.3 (11.4) | 57.0 (11.6) | 57.8 (11.0) | 0.58 |
| Female, n (%)+ | 248 (80.8%) | 162 (79.8%) | 86 (82.7%) | 1.00 |
| Disease duration, years, median (IQR) | 5.6 (1.6, 11.4) | 5.6 (1.7, 11.3) | 5.6 (1.4, 11.5) | 0.92 |
| Race, n (%) | ||||
| White | 221 (72.0%) | 146 (71.9%) | 75 (72.1%) | 0.82 |
| Black | 53 (17.3%) | 33 (16.3%) | 20 (19.2%) | |
| Other | 24 (7.8%) | 15 (7.4%) | 9 (8.7%) | |
| Missing | 9 (2.9%) | 9 (4.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Scleroderma subtype, n (%) | 0.71 | |||
| Limited | 183 (59.6%) | 117 (57.6%) | 66 (63.5%) | |
| Diffuse | 98 (31.9%) | 67 (33.0%) | 31 (29.8%) | |
| Unclassified | 18 (5.9%) | 11 (5.4%) | 7 (6.7%) | |
| Missing | 8 (2.6%) | 8 (3.9%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Antibody, n (%) | 0.64 | |||
| Anti-centromere | 81 (26.4%) | 50 (24.6%) | 31 (29.8%) | |
| Anti-topoisomerase (Scl-70) | 40 (13.0%) | 31 (15.3%) | 9 (8.7%) | |
| RNA polymerase III | 10 (3.3%) | 8 (3.9%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
| Isolated nucleolar ANA | 61 (19.9%) | 39 (19.2%) | 22 (21.2%) | |
| Anti-U1RNP | 14 (4.6%) | 9 (4.4%) | 5 (4.8%) | |
| Mixed or Other | 62 (20.2%) | 39 (19.2%) | 23 (22.1%) | |
| Negative | 20 (6.5%) | 14 (6.9%) | 6 (5.8%) | |
| Missing | 19 (6.2%) | 13 (6.4%) | 6 (5.8%) | |
| Digital ulcers, present, n (%)a | 10 (3.3%) | 7 (3.4%) | 3 (2.9%) | 1.00 |
| Modified Rodnan Skin Score, median (IQR) | 5 (3, 11) | 5 (3, 11.5) | 5 (3, 10) | 0.73 |
| Home oxygen use, n (%)a | 79 (25.7%) | 60 (29.6%) | 19 (18.3%) | 0.04 |
| Follow-up time, median (IQR) | ||||
| Index hospitalization to last PHAROS visit, median (IQR), years | 2.6 (1.3, 4.4) | 2.4 (1.0, 4.1) | 2.8 (1.7, 4.9) | 0.027 |
| Index hospitalization to next PHAROS visit, median (IQR), days | 64 (28, 123) | 81 (42, 136) | 37 (3, 80) | <0.001 |
| Index Hospitalization Reason, n (%) | ||||
| Related to PH | 113 (36.8%) | 59 (29.1%) | 54 (51.9%) | <0.001 |
| Related to SSc | 98 (31.9%) | 66 (32.5%) | 32 (30.8%) | |
| Not related to PH or SSc | 92 (30.0%) | 74 (36.5%) | 18 (17.3%) | |
| Missing | 4 (1.3%) | 4 (2.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| PH type, n (%) | 0.02 | |||
| At riskb | 51 (16.6%) | 32 (15.8%) | 19 (18.3%) | |
| WHO group 1 | 124 (40.4%) | 79 (38.9%) | 45 (43.3%) | |
| WHO group 2 | 29 (9.4%) | 13 (6.4%) | 16 (15.4%) | |
| WHO group 3 | 26 (8.5%) | 22 (10.8%) | 4 (3.8%) | |
| Missing | 77 (25.1%) | 57 (28.1%) | 20 (19.2%) | |
| WHO functional class, n (%) | 0.25 | |||
| I/II | 191 (62.2%) | 121 (59.6%) | 70 (67.3%) | |
| III/IV | 107 (34.9%) | 75 (36.9%) | 32 (30.8%) | |
| Missing | 9 (2.9%) | 7 (3.4%) | 2 (1.9%) | |
| Pulmonary function tests, median (IQR) | ||||
| FVC, %-predicted | 76 (62.9, 89.9) | 78 (63.8, 91.8) | 73 (62.5, 86.3) | 0.22 |
| DLCO, %-predicted | 40 (30.4, 51.8) | 40 (30.2, 51.5) | 40 (31.0, 52.1) | 0.89 |
| TLC, %-predicted | 80 (63.6, 92.6) | 82 (62.4, 95.4) | 78 (66.0, 89.7) | 0.36 |
a
Gender missing for five (all without readmission); digital ulcers missing for four (three without and one with readmission); home oxygen missing for two (one with and one without readmission). bAt risk = high-risk for SSc-associated pulmonary hypertension with (i) systolic pulmonary arterial pressure >40 mmHg on echocardiography, (ii) %-predicted DLCO <55, or (iii) %-predicted FVC to DLCO ratio >1.6.
DLCO: carbon monoxide diffusing capacity; FVC: forced vital capacity; IQR: interquartile range; TLC: total lung capacity; WHO: World Health Organization.