Table 1.
Descriptive statistics of key variables (N = 575).
| Variables | n/Mean (SD) | %/Range |
|---|---|---|
| Loneliness | 1.49 (.55) | 1–3 |
| Age at immigration | ||
| Immigration at age <19 | 99 | 17.2% |
| Immigration at age 19–44 | 406 | 70.6% |
| Immigration at age 45 or older | 70 | 12.2% |
| Frequency of family contact | 3.58 (.96) | 1–6 |
| Number of close family | 6.39 (3.74) | 0–15 |
| Perceived positive support | 3.26 (.71) | 1–4 |
| Perceived negative strain | 1.54 (.65) | 1–4 |
| Hours of helping family | 7.18 (22.91) | 0–100 |
| Depressive symptoms | 1.50 (1.89) | 0–8 |
| Age | 77.96 (8.25) | 65–99 |
| Female | 300 | 52.2% |
| Race | ||
| White | 297 | 51.6% |
| African American | 32 | 5.5% |
| Hispanic | 192 | 33.4% |
| Other | 54 | 9.5% |
| Marital status | ||
| Married | 285 | 49.6% |
| Not married | 290 | 50.4% |
| Education (years) | 12.28 (3.17) | 0–17 |
| Income | 55,287.84 (86,796.54) | 0–850,580 |
| Living with children | 12.28 (3.17) | 0–17 |
| Chronic conditions | 2.54 (1.35) | 0–7 |
| Functional limitations | .76 (1.37) | 0–5 |
Note. Descriptive statistics are reported prior to imputation.