Ward 2018.

Methods	RCT Wash‐in period of daily PEP and exercise Single centre: Adelaide, Australia Duration: 12 weeks
Participants	Inclusion criteria Adults (≥ 18 years of age) Confirmed diagnosis of CF by a positive sweat test (chloride > 60 mmol/L) or identification of two CF‐causing genetic mutations Recruited from the Royal Adelaide Hospital Adult Cystc Fibrosis Service and an active patient (i.e. had attended at least 1 appointment in the last 12 months) Mild respiratory disease (i.e. FEV1 ≥ 70% predicted at baseline assessment) and clinically stable at the time of baseline assessment (i.e. no new medications for ≥ 4 weeks prior to baseline assessment, FEV1 (L) within 10% of most recent value at baseline assessment, no upper respiratory tract infection for ≥ 2 weeks) Exclusion criteria  Post‐lung transplantation Pregnant Unable to understand written English Pneumothorax in the last 6 months Haemoptysis > 20 mls in the 4 weeks prior to the baseline assessment Positive culture for Burkholderia cepacia within the last 12 months Undergoing treatment for non‐Tuberculosis mycobacteria infection  Had a condition or abnormality that, in the opinion of the treating CF physician, compromised the participant's safety or would otherwise make them unsuitable for participation in the study Total cohort: 13 participants Sex: 6 male; 7 female Disease status: clinically stable, mild disease Lung function FEV1 % predicted (range): 83% to 115%
Interventions	Intervention: daily exercise (with huffing); 30 min of moderate‐ to strong‐intensity exercise (Borg rating of perceived exertion 3 to 5), such as walking or jogging or alternatively 6 cycles of 5 min of step‐ups using an aerobic step, with the height and step rate adjusted to achieve the target exertion intensity. 2 to 3 huffs every 5 minutes Control: daily PEP (6 cycles of 15 breaths per cycle; 2 to 3 huffs after each cycle) plus exercise (as above)
Outcomes	Respiratory function tests; FEV1 (L); FVC (L); FEF25-75 HRQoL: CFQ‐R (respiratory); LCQ
Notes

CF: cystic fibrosis
CFQ‐R: Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire ‐Revised
FEF_25-75: mid‐peak expiratory flow
FEV₁: forced expiratory volume in 1 second
FVC: forced vital capacity
HRQoL: health‐related quality of life
LCQ: Leicester Cough Questionnaire 
PEP: positive expiratory pressure
RCT: randomised controlled trial