Table 1.
Autoimmune disorders associated with thymomas
Neuromuscular | Myasthenia gravis |
Myotonic dystrophy | |
Limbic encephalitis | |
Peripheral neuropathy Autonomic neuropathy | |
Acquired neuromyotonia Morvan syndrome (neuromyotonia and encephalitis) | |
Stiff person syndrome Cerebelar degeneration Polymyositis (carcinomas) | |
Hematologic disorders | Red cell aplasia |
Pernicious anemia | |
Erythrocytosis | |
Pancytopoenia | |
Hemolytic anemia | |
Leukemia | |
Multiple myeloma | |
Collagen and autoimmune disorders | Systemic lupus erythematosus |
Rheumatoid arthritis | |
Sjogren syndrome | |
Scleroderma | |
Interstitial pneumonitis | |
Immune deficiency disorders | Hypogammaglobulinemia (Good syndrome) |
T-cell-deficiency syndrome | |
Endocrine disorders | Multiple endocrine neoplasia |
Cushing syndrome | |
Thyroiditis | |
Dermatologic disorders | Pemphigus |
Lichen planus | |
Chronic mucosal candidiasis | |
Alopecia areata | |
Miscellaneous | Giant cell myocarditis |
Nephrotic syndrome | |
Ulcerative colitis | |
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy |
Bernard C, Frih H, Pasquet F, et al. Thymoma associated with autoimmune diseases: 85 cases and literature review. Autoimmun Rev 2016; 15:82–92.
Bouchet ME, Dansin E, Kerjouan M, et al. B004. OS01.04. Prevalence of autoimmune diseases in thymic epithelial tumors insights from RYTHMIC. Mediastinum 2017:4 doi: 10.21037/med.2017.AB004
Padda SK, Yao X, Antonicelli A, et al. Paraneoplastic syndromes and thymic malignancies: an examination of the International Thymic Malignancy Interest Group Retrospective Database. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 13:436–46.
Sources: Girard N, Ruffini E, Marx A, Faivre-Finn C, Peters S; ESMO Guidelines Committee. Thymic epithelial tumours: ESMO clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol 2015; 26(Suppl. 5):v40–55.