Table 2.
Co-morbidities and medication use in patients with urinary tract infections caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms vs non-ESBL-producing organisms
| Co-morbidities | ESBL group (n=277) | Non-ESBL group (n=823) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes mellitus | 135 (48.7) | 367 (44.6) | 0.231 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 75 (27.1) | 191 (23.2) | 0.194 |
| Malignancy | 31 (11.2) | 75 (9.1) | 0.311 |
| Pregnancy | 4 (1.4) | 21 (2.5) | 0.31 |
| Post partum | 2 (0.7) | 7 (0.8) | 0.868 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 5 (1.8) | 23 (2.8) | 0.37 |
| Benign prostate hyperplasia | 37 (13.3) | 93 (11.3) | 0.457 |
| History of skin infection | 18 (6.5) | 58 (7.0) | 0.755 |
| Neurogenic bladder | 16 (5.8) | 35 (4.2) | 0.299 |
| Urolithiasis | 35 (12.6) | 106 (12.9) | 0.916 |
| Vesicouritic reflux | 9 (3.2) | 13 (1.6) | 0.093 |
| Renal transplant | 17 (6.1) | 43 (5.2) | 0.563 |
| Haemodialysis | 13 (4.7) | 28 (3.4) | 0.329 |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 5 (1.8) | 11 (1.3) | 0.575 |
| Medication history | |||
| Corticosteroids in preceding 1 month | 29 (10.5) | 67 (8.1) | 0.236 |
| Chemotherapy in preceding 1 month | 4 (1.4) | 8 (0.9) | 0.516 |
| Immunosuppressive medications | 26 (9.4) | 65 (7.9) | 0.437 |
| Antibiotics in preceding 3 months | 151 (54.5) | 339 (41.2) | <0.001 |
| Antibiotics used in preceding 3 months | |||
| No antibiotics | 124 (44.8) | 441 (53.6) | |
| Penicillin | 13 (4.7) | 75 (9.1) | 0.127 |
| Cephalosporin | 33 (11.9) | 70 (8.5) | 0.096 |
| Fluoroquinolone | 20 (7.2) | 38 (4.6) | 0.033 |
| Nitrofurantoin | 29 (10.5) | 50 (6.1) | 0.004 |
| Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole | 7 (2.5) | 26 (3.1) | 0.921 |
| Others | 9 (3.2) | 26 ( 3.1) | 0.603 |