Table 2.

Associations Between GC Rhythm Parameters in the Infants’ Saliva and Possible Influencing Factors

			AUCi		AUCg		Maximum		Time of Maximum
		n	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P	β (95% CI)	P
		Infants’ Saliva
Cortisol	Increased HADS score	47	0.3 (–1.1 to 1.6)	0.68	0.1 (–1.5 to 1.7)	0.90	1.9 (–3.3 to 7.1)	0.47	–1.1 (–5.3 to 3.0)	0.59
	POP clinic consultation	46	–0.7 (–1.9 to 0.6)	0.28	–0.7 (–2.2 to 0.7)	0.31	–1.0 (–5.7 to 3.7)	0.67	–0.3 (–4.1 to 3.5)	0.88
	Season at sampling	29	–0.2 (–1.6 to 1.2)	0.75	-0.4 (–2.1 to 1.3)	0.62	–1.6 (–6.8 to 3.5)	0.52	–2.8 (–7.2 to 1.5)	0.19
	Male sex	47	–1.2 (–2.2 to –0.2)	0.02	–1.1 (–2.3 to 0.1)	0.07	–6.4 (–10.0 to -2.9)	0.001	–0.4 (–3.6 to 2.9)	0.83
Cortisone	Increased HADS score	47	4.9 (–0.7 to 10.5)	0.08	3.7 (–3.8 to 11.2)	0.32	3.5 (–12.8 to 19.9)	0.67	–0.2 (–4.1 to 3.8)	0.94
	POP clinic consultation	46	–1.4 (–6.7 to 3.9)	0.59	–2.0 (–9.0 to 5.0)	0.57	–12.3 (–26.8 to 2.2)	0.09	–2.4 (–6.0 to 1.2)	0.19
	Season at sampling	30	–4.5 (–10.0 to 1.0)	0.11	–5.5 (–12.8 to 1.9)	0.14	–8.8 (–26.1 to 8.4)	0.30	–0.3 (–4.3 to 3.7)	0.88
	Male sex	47	–0.9 (–5.4 to 3.6)	0.68	–0.9 (–6.9 to 5.0)	0.76	–5.5 (–18.1 to 7.1)	0.38	2.1 (–1.0 to 5.1)	0.18

Values represent β (95% CI) as analyzed with linear regression.

Increased HADS score: ≥8 on the HDS and/or HAS subscore.

Season at sampling was divided into 4-month windows: 21/4 to 21/8 (summer) and 21/10 to 21/2 (winter).

Abbreviations: AUCg, area under the curve ground; AUCi, area under the curve increase; CI, confidence interval; GC, glucocorticoid; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HAS, hospital anxiety subscale; HDS, hospital depression subscale; POP, psychiatric obstetric pediatric.