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. 2020 Sep 15;8:2–11. doi: 10.1016/j.iotech.2020.09.001

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Engineering strategies to improve 1928ζ and 19BBζ chimeric antigen receptors (CARs).

(a) Approaches to overcome limitations of CD28ζ-based CAR T cells. (b) Strategies to improve functionality of BBz-based CAR T cells. Recent developments are focused on tuning strength of activation, reversing exhaustion, enhancing functional persistence, and combining features of both CAR prototypes by enhancing memory formation in 1928ζ CAR T cells and enhancing the effector function of 19BBζ CAR T cells.