Table 1.
Study demographics by cohort
| Characteristic | Pandemic cohort, n = 753 (41%) | Historic cohort, n = 1070 (59%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Race | |||
| Black/African American | 224 (33) | 316 (33) | .92 |
| White/Caucasian | 380 (56) | 545 (57) | .84 |
| Other | 80 (12) | 88 (9) | .08 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic/Latino | 61 (9) | 57 (6) | .02* |
| Not Hispanic/Latino | 611 (91) | 882 (94) | |
| Primary language | |||
| English | 700 (95) | 1026 (97) | <.01* |
| Spanish | 33 (4) | 28 (3) | .04* |
| Other | 2 (0) | 3 (0) | >.99 |
| Employment status | |||
| Employed | 328 (62) | 381 (60) | .62 |
| Unemployed/other | 202 (38) | 249 (40) | |
| Insurance status | |||
| Medicare/Medicaid | 145 (19) | 211 (20) | .81 |
| Private/other | 460 (61) | 730 (68) | <.01* |
| None | 148 (20) | 129 (12) | <.01* |
| Housing units per square km | |||
| <35.1 | 189 (25) | 267 (25) | .95 |
| 35.1–139.5 | 192 (26) | 266 (25) | |
| 139.6–400.5 | 189 (25) | 264 (25) | |
| ≥400.6 | 182 (24) | 271 (25) | |
| Proportion of adults who completed high school | |||
| <0.83 | 179 (24) | 259 (24) | .08 |
| 0.83–0.89 | 159 (21) | 278 (26) | |
| 0.90–0.94 | 235 (31) | 297 (28) | |
| ≥0.95 | 180 (24) | 236 (22) | |
| Proportion in poverty | |||
| <0.07 | 206 (27) | 248 (23) | .05 |
| 0.07–0.11 | 196 (26) | 264 (25) | |
| 0.12–0.19 | 171 (23) | 296 (28) | |
| ≥0.20 | 180 (24) | 262 (24) | |
| Distance to hospital—quartiles | |||
| <24 miles | 232 (31) | 229 (21) | <.01* |
| 24–38 miles | 202 (27) | 275 (26) | |
| 39–70 miles | 168 (22) | 256 (24) | |
| ≥71 miles | 151 (20) | 310 (29) | |
| Distance to hospital—median and interquartile range (miles) | |||
| 34 (19–60) | 42 (26–77) | <.01* | |
⁎
statistically significant; p < .05.