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. 2021 Jan 23;5:100030. doi: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2021.100030

Table 3.

Socioeconomic status of women with Turner syndrome versus a European reference population.

Participants with Turner syndrome (n=328) ESS reference population
(n=1911
women)		 P-value OR or P-value adjusted for country of residence
(ORadj and Padj)
Age in years
(Median (range))		 28 (15-73) 29 (15-75) P=0.906
Country of residence P<0.001
  • •

    Germany

 49 (15%) 425 (22%)
  • •

    France

 129 (39%) 272 (14%)
  • •

    The Netherlands

 83 (25%) 253 (13%)
  • •

    Poland

 6 (2%) 328 (17%)
  • •

    Sweden

 50 (15%) 286 (15%)
  • •

    United Kingdom

 11 (3%) 347 (18%)
Level of education
  • •

    High

 100 (34%) 433 (23%) P=0.013 1.7 (1.3-2.3)
  • •

    Medium

 144 (49%) 889 (47%) P=0.496 0.9 (0.7-1.2)
  • •

    Low

 49 (17%) 569 (30%) P<0.001 0.6 (0.4-0.9)
Educational years
(median (range))
14 (1-26)
13 (1-31)
P<0.001
P=0.009
Occupational status
  • •

    Paid work

 152 (50%) 918 (48%) P=0.528 1.1 (0.8-1.4)
  • •

    Education

 82 (27%) 480 (25%) P=0.833 1.0 (0.8-1.4)
  • •

    Unemployed

 33 (11%) 144 (8%) P=0.124 1.5 (0.9-2.3)
  • •

    Sick/disabled

 17 (6%) 40 (2%) P=0.001 2.2 (1.2-4.2)
  • •

    Retired

 10 (3%) 58 (3%) P=0.909 1.0 (0.5-2.1)
  • •

    Housework

 3 (1%) 233 (12%) P<0.001 0.1 (0.0-0.3)
  • •

    Other

 6 (2%) 31 (2%) P=0.731 1.0 (0.4-2.4)
Hours worked
Median (range)
35 (0-60)
37 (0-113)
P<0.001
P=0.008
Satisfaction with income
  • •

    Living comfortably

 110 (40%) 635 (34%) P=0.045 1.1 (0.8-1.4)
  • •

    Coping

 125 (46%) 878 (47%) P=0.163 1.0 (0.8-1.3)
  • •

    Difficult

 30 (11%) 278 (15%) P=0.029 0.8 (0.5-1.2)
  • •

    Very difficult

 9 (3%) 79 (4%) P=0.250 0.8 (0.4-1.8)
Marital status
  • •

    Married/living together

 100 (33%) 894 (47%) P<0.001 0.5 (0.4-0.7)
  • •

    Living with parents

 100 (33%) N/A
  • •

    Single/separated

 95 (31%) N/A
  • •

    Having a partner, not living in the same household

 9 (3%) N/A
Living with children 61 (20%) 753 (39%) P<0.001 0.4 (0.3-0.5)
Social activities
  • •

    (much) more than others

 26 (9%) 299 (16%) P=0.002 0.5 (0.3-0.8)
  • •

    The same as others

 158 (52%) 929 (49%) P=0.380 1.0 (0.8-1.3)
  • •

    (much) less than others

 123 (40%) 677 (36%) P=0.613 1.3 (1.0-1.7)
Discrimination based on condition 64 (21%) N/A
Contact with support groups 67 (22%) N/A

The prevalence was calculated based on available data. Padj = the corrected p-value for country of residence using linear regression. ORadj = the Odds Ratio adjusted for country of residence using binary logistic regression.