Table 1.

Previous research on COVID-19–related misinformation on social media.

Study	Title	Method	Data	Source
Song et al [9]	The South Korean government’s response to combat COVID-19 misinformation: analysis of “Fact and Issue Check” on the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website	Content analysis	90 posts	Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) website
Kouzy et al [3]	Coronavirus goes viral: quantifying the COVID19 misinformation epidemic on Twitter	Statistical analysis	673 tweets	Twitter
Ceron et al [8]	Fake news agenda in the era of COVID-19: identifying trends through fact-checking content	Topic analysis	5115 tweets	Twitter
Qin [29]	Analysis of the characteristics of health rumors in public health emergencies: Taking the “Shuanghuanglian” incident during the COVID-19 as an example	Case analysis	134 headings	COVID-19–related rumor list announced by Dingxiangyuan.com
Chen and Tang [27]	Analysis of circulating characteristics of rumors on Weibo in public emergencies: a case study of COVID-19 epidemic	Coding and visual analysis	968 posts	Weibo Rumor Refuting