Table 3.
Total effect, direct effect, and mediating (indirect) effect (n = 89).
| Dependent variable | Effect | t | p value | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Least pain | Total | 0.085 | 2.549 | 0.013 | 0.019∼0.151 |
| Direct | 0.088 | 2.370 | 0.020 | 0.014∼0.162 | |
| Indirect (PCS) | −0.003 | −0.036∼0.024 | |||
|
| |||||
| Worst pain | Total | 0.116 | 2.922 | 0.004 | 0.037∼0.196 |
| Direct | 0.068 | 1.590 | 0.119 | −0.017∼0.153 | |
| Indirect (PCS) | 0.048 | 0.095∼0.088 | |||
|
| |||||
| Average pain | Total | 0.102 | 2.853 | 0.005 | 0.031∼0.174 |
| Direct | 0.068 | 1.732 | 0.087 | −0.010∼0.146 | |
| Indirect (PCS) | 0.034 | −0.003∼0.069 | |||
FOP-9, Fear of Pain-9 Items; PCS, Pain Catastrophizing Scale; CI, confidence interval. FOP-9 as an independent variable, PCS as a mediating variable, and analgesic drugs as a covariate value.