Table 3.
Prevalence of ophthalmological disorders
| PD patients, age 60–86, n = 102 | OD (%) | OS (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Ocular surface | ||
| Cornea disease a | 6 | 6 |
| Blepharitis | 2 | 2 |
| Dermatochalasis | 13 | 14 |
| Conjunctivitis sicca (mild-severe) | 86 | 86 |
| Conjunctivitis sicca (moderate/severe) | 27 | 27 |
| Conjunctivitis | 4 | 5 |
| Oculomotor | ||
| Experiencing diplopia* | 30 | |
| Convergence insufficiency | 41 | 41 |
| Ocular misalignment | 54 | 50 |
| Manifest | 5 | 6 |
| Intra-ocular | ||
| Cataractb | 17 | 18 |
| Lens capsule opacification | 3 | 2 |
| Pseudophakia | 20 | 19 |
| Vitreous haemorrhage | 0 | 3 |
| Retina/optic nerve | ||
| Maculopathy c | 27 | 22 |
| AMD dry | 24 | 20 |
| AMD wet | 0 | 0 |
| Diabetic macular oedema | 0 | 0 |
| Optic nerve disorder d (n = 85/85) | 50 | 52 |
| Glaucoma suspect e | 20 | 15 |
| Elevated IOP | 1 | 1 |
| Retinopathy f | 2 | 1 |
| Retinal vascular changes | 23 | 28 |
| Peripheral drusen | 10 | 9 |
| Additional | ||
| Nevus choroid | 7 | 3 |
| Tilted disc | 7 | 4 |
| Congenital colour blindness g | 5 | |
| Visual Hallucinations | 18 | |
| Amblyopia | 3 |
OD oculus dextra, OS oculus sinistra
*Based on the VIPD-Q questionnaire. Not specifically during reading
aGroup of cornea diseases, consists of: cornea scar, verticillate, dystrophy (punctate/erosions are part of the diagnosis of dry eyes),
bCataract clinically significant, total percentage OD with cataract (present of historic):40%, OS: 39%
cGroup of macular diseases, consists of: AMD (age-related macular degeneration), scar, epiretinal gliosis, telangiectasia, macular oedema,
dGroup of optic nerve disorders consists of: optic nerve head drusen, optic nerve head atrophy, optic nerve head pallor
eGlaucoma suspects, CDR (cup-to-disc-ratio) > 0.5 and a typical visual field deficit, IOP intra-ophthalmological-pressure
fGroup of retinopathies consists of: branch retinal vein occlusion, blot bleeding,
gIn the study, population congenital colour blindness occurred in 7% of the men and 0% woman