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. 2022 Jun 22;12:10548. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-14888-2

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of purple rice bran extract and protocatechuic acid on cell proliferation and apoptosis (15-week protocol). Arrowheads indicate stained hepatocytes. (A) Representative double immunohistochemical staining of GST-P (red)/PCNA (brown) and GST-P (red)/apoptosis (TUNEL) (black) in the liver of control and experimental animals (20 ×); (B) number of PCNA-labeled cells per 1000 hepatocytes; (C) number of apoptotic cells per 1000 hepatocytes. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM. *Significantly different from the negative control group, p < 0.05. #Significantly different from the positive control group, p < 0.05. DEN: diethylnitrosamine, PCA: protocatechuic acid, PRBE: purple rice bran extract.