Table 1.

PA content (mg/l) of reduced and non-reduced extracts in DMSO of H. europaeum, H. popovii and chamomile (M. recutita), which was used as negative control

	Total 35 PAs	Major 6 PAsa	Minor 29 PAsb	Echinatine	Echinatine N-oxide	Rinderine	Rinderine N-oxide	Heliotrine	Heliotrine N-oxide	Europine	Europine N-oxide	Heliosupine	Heliosupine N-oxide	Lasiocarpine	Lasiocarpine N-oxide
H. europaeum (non-reduced)	40,680	40,358	322	8	32	12	202	359	16,980	884	19,703	8	60	23	2409
H. europaeum (reduced)	19,585	19,407	179	14	14	57	68	2820	2498	6709	6987	13	13	174	220
H. popovii (non-reduced)	67,872	67,351	521	9	234	7	261	962	39,605	421	26,289	5	4	5.3	71
H. popovii (reduced)	38,115	37,759	355	136	40	122	46	13,043	2797	16,629	5271	5	7	10	9
M. recutitac	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND	ND

ND not detectable

^aMajor 6 PAs: heliotrine, heliotrine N-oxide, europine, europine N-oxide, lasiocarpine, lasiocarpine N-oxide

^bMinor PAs detected: echinatine, echinatine N-oxide, rinderine, rinderine N-oxide, heliosupine, heliosupine N-oxide

^cReduced and non-reduced extracts