Table 1 –
Demographics of patients with heart failure during emergency medical services transport (N=4,663)
| Variable | Total sample (n=4,663) |
No complaint of pain (n=3,629) |
Complaint of pain (n=1,034) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years | 64.16 ± 14.26 | 65.42 ± 14.09 | 59.73 ± 13.97 | < .001 |
| Gender | .262 | |||
| Women | 2,709 (58.1%) | 2,124 (58.5%) | 585 (56.6%) | |
| Men | 1,954 (41.9%) | 1,505 (41.5%) | 449 (43.4%) | |
| Race | .733 | |||
| White | 1,934 (41.5%) | 1,500 (41.3%) | 434 (42.0%) | |
| Black | 2,689 (57.7%) | 2,099 (57.8%) | 590 (57.1%) | |
| Other | 40 (0.9%) | 30 (0.8%) | 10 (1%) | |
| Ethnicity (n=4,612) | .030 | |||
| Not Hispanic/Latino | 4,574 (99.2%) | 3,563 (99.3%) | 1,011 (98.6%) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 38 (0.8%) | 24 (0.7%) | 14 (1.4%) | |
| Vital signs | ||||
| Systolic BP in mmHg | 148.69 ± 38.91 | 148.95 ± 40.29 | 147.75 ± 33.65 | .334 |
| Diastolic BP in mmHg (n=3,954) | 83.45 ± 21.67 | 83.07 ± 22.20 | 84.75 ± 19.72 | .030 |
| Heart rate in BPM | 92.57 ± 24.48 | 93.00 ± 24.30 | 91.03 ± 25.03 | .025 |
| Respiratory rate | 20.60 ± 6.75 | 21.06 ± 7.20 | 18.97 ± 4.51 | < .001 |
| O2 saturation in % | 94.78 ± 8.16 | 94.18 ± 8.93 | 96.89 ± 3.87 | < .001 |
| Glasgow Coma Scale (n=4,363) | 14.58 ± 1.71 | 14.47 ± 1.92 | 14.97 ± 0.36 | < .001 |
| Shortness of breath | 2,241 (48.1%) | 1,817 (50.1%) | 424 (41.0%) | < .001 |
| Number of medications | 6.44 ± 5.26 | 6.42 ± 5.25 | 6.50 ± 5.30 | .670 |
| Number of comorbid conditions | 1.26 ± 0.92 | 1.20 ± 0.88 | 1.45 ± 1.02 | < .001 |
| Comorbid conditions | ||||
| Coronary artery disease | 522 (11.2%) | 374 (10.3%) | 148 (14.3%) | < .001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 488 (10.5%) | 384 (10.6%) | 104 (10.1%) | .628 |
| Hypertension | 3,511 (75.3%) | 2,732 (75.3%) | 779 (75.3%) | .971 |
| Coronary artery bypass graft | 252 (5.4%) | 173 (4.8%) | 79 (7.6%) | < .001 |
| Myocardial infarction | 846 (18.1%) | 544 (15.0%) | 302 (29.2%) | < .001 |
| Sudden cardiac arrest | 40 (0.9%) | 23 (0.6%) | 17 (1.6%) | .002 |
| Devices | ||||
| Pacemaker | 311 (6.7%) | 220 (6.1%) | 91 (8.8%) | .002 |
| ICD | 182 (3.9%) | 117 (3.2%) | 65 (6.3%) | < .001 |
Actual sample size is provided when total sample does not equal 4,663 due to missing data.
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; BPM, beats per minute; SD, standard deviation; ICD, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator