Table 2.
Univariate cox analysis of OS and CSS.
| Characteristics | Levels | OS | CSS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | ||
| Age | ≤65 years | Ref | Ref | ||||
| >65 years | 1.207 | 1.176–1.239 | <0.001 | 1.103 | 1.072–1.134 | <0.001 | |
| Sex | Male | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Female | 1.026 | 0.999–1.054 | 0.064 | 1.028 | 0.998–1.058 | 0.067 | |
| Race | NHW | Ref | Ref | ||||
| NHB | 1.052 | 1.011–1.094 | 0.013 | 1.023 | 0.980–1.068 | 0.301 | |
| NHAPI | 0.701 | 0.674–0.730 | <0.001 | 0.684 | 0.656–0.714 | <0.001 | |
| Hispanic | 0.972 | 0.939–1.006 | 0.103 | 0.965 | 0.930–1.001 | 0.055 | |
| Insurance | Insured | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Uninsured | 1.276 | 1.196–1.361 | <0.001 | 1.303 | 1.217–1.394 | <0.001 | |
| Medicaid | 1.127 | 1.089–1.166 | <0.001 | 1.095 | 1.055–1.136 | <0.001 | |
| Marriage | Married | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Divorced | 1.172 | 1.118–1.228 | <0.001 | 1.144 | 1.088–1.203 | <0.001 | |
| Single | 1.238 | 1.193–1.284 | <0.001 | 1.215 | 1.169–1.264 | <0.001 | |
| Widowed | 1.431 | 1.379–1.486 | <0.001 | 1.337 | 1.284–1.392 | <0.001 | |
| SEER stage | Distant | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Localized | 0.198 | 0.190–0.206 | <0.001 | 0.150 | 0.143–0.157 | <0.001 | |
| Regional | 0.329 | 0.319–0.339 | <0.001 | 0.307 | 0.298–0.317 | <0.001 | |
| AJCC stage | I | Ref | Ref | ||||
| II | 1.298 | 1.235–1.364 | <0.001 | 1.520 | 1.437–1.608 | <0.001 | |
| III | 1.852 | 1.765–1.943 | <0.001 | 2.258 | 2.139–2.382 | <0.001 | |
| IV | 4.602 | 1.765–1.943 | <0.001 | 5.866 | 5.627–6.116 | <0.001 | |
| Tumor grade | I | Ref | Ref | ||||
| II | 1.566 | 1.435–1.710 | <0.001 | 1.753 | 1.584–1.941 | <0.001 | |
| III | 2.101 | 1.931–2.287 | <0.001 | 2.514 | 2.278–2.774 | <0.001 | |
| IV | 1.843 | 1.612–2.107 | <0.001 | 2.231 | 1.926–2.585 | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 2.869 | 2.624–3.137 | <0.001 | 3.410 | 3.076–3.779 | <0.001 | |
| Metastasis | No | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Yes | 3.793 | 3.689–3.899 | <0.001 | 4.281 | 4.156–4.410 | <0.001 | |
| Chemotherapy | Yes | Ref | Ref | ||||
| No/Unknown | 1.291 | 1.258–1.326 | <0.001 | 1.199 | 1.166–1.234 | <0.001 | |
| Radiation | Yes | Ref | Ref | ||||
| No | 1.442 | 1.400–1.486 | <0.001 | 1.425 | 1.381–1.471 | <0.001 | |
| Surgery | Yes | Ref | Ref | ||||
| No | 4.174 | 4.056–4.295 | <0.001 | 4.562 | 4.422–4.705 | <0.001 | |
| Income | Q1 (lowest) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 | 0.842 | 0.812–0.872 | <0.001 | 0.849 | 0.817–0.882 | <0.001 | |
| Q3 | 0.854 | 0.824–0.886 | <0.001 | 0.861 | 0.828–0.895 | <0.001 | |
| Q4 (highest) | 0.762 | 0.734–0.791 | <0.001 | 0.765 | 0.736–0.796 | <0.001 | |
| Unemployment | Q1 (lowest) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 | 1.115 | 1.075–1.156 | <0.001 | 1.110 | 1.068–1.154 | <0.001 | |
| Q3 | 1.002 | 0.966–1.040 | 0.903 | 0.990 | 0.951–1.030 | 0.606 | |
| Q4 (highest) | 1.198 | 1.156–1.243 | <0.001 | 1.184 | 1.139–1.231 | <0.001 | |
| Poverty rate | Q1 (lowest) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 | 1.103 | 1.062–1.144 | <0.001 | 1.100 | 1.057–1.144 | <0.001 | |
| Q3 | 1.070 | 1.031–1.111 | <0.001 | 1.076 | 1.034–1.119 | <0.001 | |
| Q4 (highest) | 1.262 | 1.216–1.309 | <0.001 | 1.245 | 1.197–1.295 | <0.001 | |
| Education level | Q1 (low) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 (moderate) | 0.843 | 0.816–0.869 | <0.001 | 0.842 | 0.815–0.871 | <0.001 | |
| Q3 (high) | 0.776 | 0.749–0.805 | <0.001 | 0.778 | 0.748–0.809 | <0.001 | |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NHW, non-Hispanic White; NHB, non-Hispanic Black; NHAPI, non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.