Table 3.
Multivariate cox analysis of OS and CSS.
| Characteristics | Levels | OS | CSS | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | ||
| Age | ≤65 years | Ref | Ref | ||||
| >65 years | 1.275 | 1.238–1.313 | <0.001 | 1.192 | 1.156–1.230 | <0.001 | |
| Race | NHW | Ref | Ref | ||||
| NHB | 0.982 | 0.942–1.024 | 0.397 | 0.960 | 0.917–1.004 | 0.072 | |
| NHAPI | 0.819 | 0.785–0.855 | <0.001 | 0.813 | 0.776–0.851 | <0.001 | |
| Hispanic | 0.940 | 0.906–0.976 | 0.001 | 0.924 | 0.888–0.961 | <0.001 | |
| Insurance | Insured | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Uninsured | 1.063 | 0.994–1.136 | 0.075 | 1.043 | 0.972–1.119 | 0.242 | |
| Medicaid | 1.062 | 1.024–1.101 | 0.001 | 1.027 | 0.988–1.068 | 0.181 | |
| Marriage | Married | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Divorced | 1.111 | 1.059–1.165 | <0.001 | 1.082 | 1.029–1.139 | 0.002 | |
| Single | 1.113 | 1.071–1.156 | <0.001 | 1.086 | 1.043–1.131 | <0.001 | |
| Widowed | 1.180 | 1.135–1.228 | <0.001 | 1.155 | 1.107–1.205 | <0.001 | |
| SEER stage | Distant | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Localized | 0.621 | 0.550–0.702 | <0.001 | 0.531 | 0.465–0.606 | <0.001 | |
| Regional | 1.057 | 0.962–1.161 | 0.252 | 1.035 | 0.938–1.143 | 0.493 | |
| AJCC stage | I | Ref | Ref | ||||
| II | 1.257 | 1.159–1.364 | <0.001 | 1.305 | 1.192–1.429 | <0.001 | |
| III | 1.866 | 1.722–2.023 | <0.001 | 2.006 | 1.835–2.193 | <0.001 | |
| IV | 2.456 | 2.243–2.690 | <0.001 | 2.670 | 2.418–2.949 | <0.001 | |
| Tumor grade | I | Ref | Ref | ||||
| II | 1.240 | 1.136–1.355 | <0.001 | 1.307 | 1.180–1.448 | <0.001 | |
| III | 1.644 | 1.509–1.792 | <0.001 | 1.806 | 1.635–1.995 | <0.001 | |
| IV | 1.692 | 1.479–1.936 | <0.001 | 1.914 | 1.651–2.219 | <0.001 | |
| Unknown | 1.450 | 1.325–1.587 | <0.001 | 1.571 | 1.415–1.743 | <0.001 | |
| Metastasis | No | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Yes | 1.165 | 1.056–1.285 | 0.002 | 1.155 | 1.043–1.280 | 0.006 | |
| Chemotherapy | Yes | Ref | Ref | ||||
| No/Unknown | 2.373 | 2.300–2.448 | <0.001 | 2.379 | 2.301–2.458 | <0.001 | |
| Radiation | Yes | Ref | Ref | ||||
| No | 0.997 | 0.965–1.030 | 0.859 | 0.989 | 0.955–1.024 | 0.529 | |
| Surgery | Yes | Ref | Ref | ||||
| No | 3.112 | 3.000–3.228 | <0.001 | 3.235 | 3.110–3.366 | <0.001 | |
| Income | Q1 (lowest) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 | 0.944 | 0.896–0.993 | 0.027 | 0.946 | 0.895–0.999 | 0.047 | |
| Q3 | 0.938 | 0.880–1.000 | 0.050 | 0.944 | 0.882–1.010 | 0.097 | |
| Q4 (highest) | 0.902 | 0.829–0.981 | 0.016 | 0.909 | 0.831–0.994 | 0.037 | |
| Unemployment | Q1 (lowest) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 | 1.057 | 1.014–1.102 | 0.008 | 1.050 | 1.005–1.098 | 0.028 | |
| Q3 | 0.953 | 0.907–1.001 | 0.057 | 0.935 | 0.887–0.986 | 0.013 | |
| Q4 (highest) | 0.996 | 0.946–1.049 | 0.887 | 0.979 | 0.927–1.034 | 0.453 | |
| Poverty rate | Q1 (lowest) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 | 1.010 | 0.968–1.053 | 0.659 | 1.015 | 0.970–1.061 | 0.529 | |
| Q3 | 0.993 | 0.928–1.063 | 0.840 | 1.025 | 0.954–1.102 | 0.502 | |
| Q4 (highest) | 1.057 | 0.984–1.135 | 0.126 | 1.064 | 0.986–1.148 | 0.108 | |
| Education level | Q1 (low) | Ref | Ref | ||||
| Q2 (moderate) | 0.926 | 0.885–0.969 | 0.001 | 0.915 | 0.872–0.960 | <0.001 | |
| Q3 (high) | 0.915 | 0.860–0.973 | 0.005 | 0.907 | 0.849–0.969 | 0.004 | |
HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NHW, non-Hispanic White; NHB, non-Hispanic Black; NHAPI, non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer.