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. 2022 Jun 18;20:404–417. doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.06.005

Fig. 3.

Fig. 3

Intracellular elevation of dual Zn-Mn ions and ROS by Mn-ZnO2 NPs. (a) Schematic illustration of intracellular release of dual Zn-Mn ions and H2O2 and subsequent •OH generation from Mn-ZnO2 NPs. (b) Fluorescence images of MDA-MB-231 cells stained with Zn2+ dye (green) after incubation with ZnCl2 or Mn-ZnO2 NPs for 4 h. (c) Quantification of intracellular Zn2+ and Mn2+ elevated by Mn-ZnO2 NPs using ICP-MS analysis. **p < 0.01. (d) Fluorescence images of ROS production (green) in MDA-MB-231 cells after various treatments (non-treated control, ZnCl2, ZnO2 NPs, or Mn-ZnO2 NPs). (e) Semi-quantification of the DCF fluorescence intensity in MDA-MB-231 cells after various treatments. **p < 0.01. (f) Semi-quantification of the fluorescence intensity of •OH probe in MDA-MB-231 cells after various treatments. *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01. (g) Fluorescence images of •OH generation in MDA-MB-231 cells after various treatments (non-treated control, MnCl2 + H2O2, ZnO2, or Mn-ZnO2 NPs).