TABLE 4.

Hazard ratios (95% CI) for composite kidney outcomes over the entire study period.

Variables	RDW ≤ 14.5% (n = 463)	RDW > 14.5% (n = 60)	P-value
Entire study period analysis
Events (n, %)			< 0.001
Doubling of SCR	5 (1.08)	0
30% decline in eGFR	116 (25.05)	28 (46.67)
eGFR <15 ml/min/1.73 m2	56 (12.10)	14 (23.33)
HR (95% CI) for composite kidney outcomes
Model 1	Ref	2.24 (1.53, 3.28)	< 0.001
Model 2	Ref	1.55 (1.05, 2.83)	0.02
Model 3	Ref	1.51 (1.02, 2.23)	0.03

Model 1: non-adjusted.

Model 2: adjusted for sex, log (10)-transformed age, history of hypertension (yes vs. no), usage of iron supplements (yes vs. no), usage of EPO-stimulating agents (yes vs. no), usage of ACEI or ARB (yes vs. no), usage of beta-blockers (yes vs. no), usage of alpha-blockers (yes vs. no), usage of calcium-channel blockers (yes vs. no).

Model 3: adjusted for Model 2 + RBC, hemoglobin, percentage of lymphocyte, MCV, log (10)-transformed serum iron, natural log-transformed baseline eGFR, natural log-transformed UACR, log (10)-transformed 24-h urine protein, log (10)-transformed albumin, bicarbonate, log (10)-transformed calcium, log (10)-transformed phosphorus, uric acid, blood glucose, and log (10)-transformed LDL-C.

ACEI, angiotensin converting–enzyme inhibitors; ARB, angiotensin II–receptor blockers; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; EPO, erythropoietin; HR, hazard ratio; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; RDW, red blood cell distribution width; RBC, red blood cell; UACR, urinary albumin-creatinine ratio.