TABLE 2.
Fixation time percentage of the areas of interest (AOIs).
| AOIs | Toddler cohort |
Preschool cohort |
Effect of group (ASD vs. TD) | Effect of age (Toddler vs. Preschool) | Effect of interaction | ||
| ASD | TD | ASD | TD | ||||
| Mouth† | 9.1 (13.6) | 23.1 (20.3) | 11.4 (13.2) | 18.0 (16.8) | F(1,167) = 15.40, p < 0.001 | F(1,167) = 0.20, p = 0.65 | F(1,167) = 2.21, p = 0.14 |
| Eye# | 15.4 (17.1) | 17.6 (20.1) | 15.1 (17.5) | 29.2 (20.3) | F(1,167) = 7.56, p = 0.007 | F(1,167) = 0.19, p = 0.67 | F(1,167) = 3.99, p = 0.048 |
| Walking on hands | 19.4 (18.1) | 35.5 (21.3) | 22.1 (19.3) | 36.2 (16.9) | F(1,167) = 26.41, p < 0.001 | F(1,167) = 2.01, p = 0.16 | F(1,167) = 0.36, p = 0.55 |
| Walking upright | 20.7 (17.3) | 33.3 (20.0) | 21.5 (16.5) | 28.0 (14.9) | F(1,167) = 11.94, p < 0.001 | F(1,167) = 1.14, p = 0.29 | F(1,167) = 1.56, p = 0.21 |
| Dynamic character† | 18.9 (16.1) | 32.3 (18.6) | 19.8 (18.1) | 25.2 (12.1) | F(1,167) = 12.75, p < 0.001 | F(1,167) = 0.63, p = 0.42 | F(1,167) = 2.61, p = 0.11 |
| Dynamic moving dot | 20.1 (16.1) | 39.4 (20.4) | 25.7 (18.6) | 37.5 (17.8) | F(1,167) = 32.79, p < 0.001 | F(1,167) = 8.79, p = 0.003 | F(1,167) = 3.62, p = 0.06 |
| Helicopter# | 20.6 (15.4) | 16.5 (12.5) | 19.8 (14.3) | 25.5 (15.0) | F(1,167) = 0.21, p = 0.644 | F(1,167) = 0.65, p = 0.42 | F(1,167) = 3.79, p = 0.05 |
| Duck† | 20.0 (17.0) | 22.2 (13.9) | 19.1 (15.0) | 27.6 (13.4) | F(1,167) = 5.65, p = 0.019 | F(1,167) = 3.59, p = 0.06 | F(1,167) = 1.03, p = 0.31 |
| Baby face | 20.0 (18.8) | 36.9 (21.6) | 21.6 (17.7) | 32.1 (16.2) | F(1,167) = 22.75, p < 0.001 | F(1,167) = 2.31, p = 0.13 | F(1,167) = 1.72, p = 0.19 |
| Electric fan | 16.7 (17.0) | 19.8 (14.3) | 16.9 (16.9) | 29.3 (17.0) | F(1,167) = 8.80, p < = 0.003 | F(1,167) = 0.67, p = 0.41 | F(1,167) = 2.56, p = 0.11 |
Data were presented in mean (SD); †Indicates for AOI with p < 0.05 for the Levene’s test (assumption of the equal variance was not met), weighted least squares (WLS) model was applied. #Indicates significant interaction between the diagnosis group and age group. See Results section for results from contrasts of interest using linear regression.