TABLE 1.

Subject characteristics.

PAVF		Diffuse	Discrete	No	p
Cases (n)		30	6	355
Age (year) at latest cath.		14 ± 10	22 ± 6	16 ± 10	0.1805
Male (%)		67	67	58	0.565
Age at 1st Fontan (year)		5 ± 6	8 ± 5	4 ± 5	0.0433
NYHA class		1.8 ± 0.8#	1.7 ± 0.5	1.3 ± 0.6	<0.0001
Heterotaxy (%)		47	67	26	0.0084
	Right Isomerism	10	33	21	0.3613
	Left Isomerism	37	33	5	<0.0001
SVtype (LV:%)		40	17	40	0.4734
Diagnosis (%)
	UVH	27	17	23
	TA	27	17	19
	DORV	27	50	18
	HLHS	3	0	5
	Others	16	16	35
Current Type of Repair (%)					0.0087
	APC	3	0	1
	IAR	57	67	19
	ECR	40	33	80
Procedures prior Fontan (%)
	APS	50	50	57	0.7492
	PAB	30	17	31	0.7348
	Glenn	47	33	65	0.051
	Fenestration	17	0	12	0.3551
Medications (%)
	Diuretics	60	33	41	0.1299
	Anti-coaglant	77	83	75	0.8806
	ACEI/ARB	23	67	36	0.1019
	Beta blocker	17	33	26	0.4732
	Anti-arrhythmia	17	17	9	0.3598

ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; APC, atriopulmonary connection; APS, aortopulmonary shunt; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker, connection; APS, aortopulmonary shunt; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; DORV, double outlet right ventricle; ECR, extracardiac rerouting; HLHS, hypolastic left heart syndrome; IAR, intraatrial rerouting; LV, left ventricle; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PAB, pulmonary artery banding; SV, systemic ventricle; TA, tricuspid valve atresia; UVH, univentricular heart. Values are mean ± SD. #Indicate p < 0.05 vs. group of Discrete and No, respectively.