. 2022 Apr 29;18(3):e13359. doi: 10.1111/mcn.13359

Table 2.

Multinomial logit regression estimates predicting group assignment

	Group 1		Group 2		Group 3
	Chronically stunted		Recovery group		Borderline stunted
	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI	Estimate	95% CI
Mother's education (years)	−0.167	−0.334 to −0.000	−0.503	−0.681 to −0.325^***	−0.12	−0.255 to 0.015
Mother's height (cm)	−0.43	−0.595 to −0.265^***	−0.9	−1.067 to −0.733^***	−0.417	−0.55 to −0.284^***
Mother's age (years)	−0.183	−0.344 to −0.022^*	−0.052	−0.205 to 0.101	0.018	−0.109 to 0.145
Mother's MDD‐W at birth	0.174	−0.269 to 0.617	−0.471	−0.977 to 0.035	−0.14	−0.542 to 0.262
Distance to water (km)	0.142	0.005–0.279^*	0.01	−0.145 to 0.165	0.054	−0.075 to 0.183
Infant's gender (female)	0.088	−0.222 to 0.398	−0.859	−1.161 to −0.557^***	−0.63	−0.891 to −0.369^***
Food insecurity^a	0.183	−0.129 to 0.495	−0.107	−0.426 to 0.212	−0.354	−0.623 to −0.085^**
Poor household^b	0.802	0.410–1.194^***	1.854	1.468–2.24^***	0.55	0.225–0.875^***
Low birth weight (kg)	4.786	−8.914 to 18.486	5.585	−8.08 to 19.25	3.664	−10.205 to 17.533
Exclusive breastfed at birth	2.812	2.204–3.420^***	1.889	1.432–2.346^***	0.165	−0.268 to 0.598
Diverse diets (6 months)^c	0.149	−0.009 to 0.308	−0.249	−0.416 to −0.082^**	0.026	−0.105 to 0.157
Preterm birth^d	0.405	0.025–0.785^*	0.814	0.455–1.173^***	0.159	−0.176 to 0.494
Northern region	0.191	−0.215 to 0.596	−0.483	−0.873 to −0.093^**	0.038	−0.305 to 0.381
Constant	−3.892	−4.462 to −3.322^***	−2.9	−3.329 to −2.471^***	0.421	−0.104 to 0.946
Mother's HIV‐positive status^e	1.197	0.358–2.036^**	1.391	0.589–2.193^**	0.757	0.02–1.494^*
Mother's AFB1 levels	0.177	−0.035 to 0.389	0.187	−0.025 to 0.399	0.104	−0.084 to 0.292
Mother is iron deficient (ferritin)^f	−22.682	>10	−0.314	−0.882 to 0.254	0.137	−0.375 to 0.649
Iron‐deficient erythropoiesis^f	−0.008	−0.523 to 0.507	0.079	−0.448 to 0.606	−0.209	−0.67 to 0.252
Mother is Vitamin A deficient^f	−0.005	−2.204 to 2.19	0.926	−1.114 to 2.966	−0.185	−2.198 to 1.828

Note: Reference is Group 4 (normal LAZ scores).

^{^a}

Food insecurity includes mild, moderate and severe food insecurity access (Coates et al., 2007).

^{^b}

Poor households were defined as households in the poorest, poor and middle categories of the Demographic Health Survey's asset‐based classification of wealth.

^{^c}

Diverse diets at 6 months of age are defined as consumption of at least four of the seven defined food groups in the Infant Young and Child Feeding Practices indicators (World Health Organization, 2008).

^{^d}

Preterm was defined as gestational age < 37 weeks.

^{^e}

HIV status and biomarker estimates are sub‐analyses and separate models from the main model. Maternal aflatoxin, Ferritin, sTFR and RBP have been adjusted for inflammation (CRP and AGP).

^{^f}

Anaemia was defined as Hgb < 11 g/dl, iron deficiency defined as Fer < 15 µg/L and iron‐deficient erythropoiesis defined as sTFR > 8.3 mg/L, Inflammation was defined as CRP ≤ 5 or AGP > 1. Vitamin A deficiency is defined as (RBP < 0.7 µmol/L). BRINDA adjustments for inflammation were calculated for Ferrin, sTFR and Vitamin A (Larson et al., 2018; Namaste et al., 2017; Rohner et al., 2017).

p ≤ 0.05.

^**

p ≤ 0.01.

^***

p ≤ 0.001.