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. 2022 Jun 9;13:863152. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.863152

TABLE 2.

Hierarchical regression for ATOA, AARC losses, and AARC gains.

Model 1: ATOA
 Model 2: AARC losses
 Model 3: AARC gains
Variable B SE B β B SE B β B SE B β
Step 1
Constant 3.06** 0.75 18.91* 6.97 31.97** 6.73
Gender −0.07 0.10 −0.04 0.96 0.93 0.06 3.42** 0.84 0.22
Age 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.07 0.11 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.06
R 2 0.002 0.01 0.06**
Step 2
Constant 3.12** 0.78 19.41* 7.33 13.44 6.95
Gender 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.53 0.88 0.03 2.22** 0.79 0.14
Age 0.001 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.09 0.05 −0.01 0.04 −0.02
Arthritis −0.17 0.09 0.17 2.57** 0.86 0.15 1.05 0.80 0.06
Openness 0.26** 0.10 0.19 −1.60 0.92 −0.12 1.71* 0.83 0.14
Conscientiousness −0.05 0.10 −0.04 −1.73 0.92 −0.13 1.67* 0.84 0.14
Extraversion 0.22* 0.09 −0.09 −0.81 0.86 0.15 −0.23 0.79 −0.02
Agreeableness −0.05 0.09 −0.04 0.57 0.82 0.05 2.31** 0.76 0.21
Neuroticism −0.43** 0.07 −0.36 3.79** 0.66 0.34 −2.17** 0.61 −0.19
ΔR2 0.30** 0.28** 0.29**
Step 3
Constant 3.07** 0.83 17.81* 7.76 15.57* 7.24
Gender −0.003 0.10 −0.002 0.34 0.89 0.02 2.02* 0.78 0.13
Age −0.001 0.01 −0.003 0.07 0.09 0.04 −0.01 0.03 −0.01
Arthritis −0.17 0.09 −0.09 2.66** 0.87 0.16 1.01 0.79 0.06
Openness 0.28* 0.12 0.20 −1.21 1.11 −0.09 2.23* 0.98 0.18
Conscientiousness −0.08 0.12 −0.06 −2.25* 1.09 −0.17 1.26 0.96 0.10
Extraversion 0.26* 0.11 0.21 −0.20 1.06 −0.02 −0.94 0.93 −0.08
Agreeableness −0.02 0.11 −0.02 0.96 1.02 0.09 4.04** 0.92 0.34
Neuroticism −0.44** 0.09 −0.36 4.10** 0.83 0.34 −2.69** 0.74 −0.24
Arthritis*Openness −0.07 0.21 −0.03 −1.55 2.00 −0.07 −2.32 1.79 −0.10
Arthritis*Conscientiousness 0.09 0.21 0.03 1.83 2.01 0.07 1.53 1.79 0.07
Arthritis*Extraversion −0.14 0.20 −0.06 −1.57 1.92 −0.07 1.68 1.74 0.08
Arthritis*Agreeableness −0.10 0.18 −0.04 −1.80 1.68 −0.08 −5.16** 1.52 −0.26
Arthritis*Neuroticism 0.02 0.15 0.01 −0.78 1.36 −0.04 1.39 1.23 0.07
ΔR2 0.01 0.01 0.03*
R 2a 0.31 0.30 0.35
R2 Adjusteda 0.27 0.27 0.33

*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.

ΔR2 reflects the change in variance explained from one step to the next.

aWe report the amount variance explained (R2, R2Adjusted) in ATOA, AARC losses, and AARC gains for Step 3 of each model.