Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate analyses of risk factor for organ space surgical site infection in study population
| Factor | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
||||
| OR (95% CI) | p value | OR (95% CI) | p value | ||
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Male | 1.651 (0.513–5.310) | 0.400 | |||
| Age (yr) | |||||
| <80 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ≥80 | 2.071 (0.678–6.327) | 0.202 | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
| ≥20 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| <20 | 2.198 (0.575–8.408) | 0.250 | |||
| ASA-PS classification | |||||
| <III | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ≥III | 0.988 (0.330–2.965) | 0.983 | |||
| CACI | |||||
| <6 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ≥6 | 1.898 (0.392–9.196) | 0.426 | |||
| Previous abdominal surgery | |||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Yes | 0.731 (0.200–2.672) | 0.635 | |||
| Severity of acute cholecystitis | |||||
| Mild (grade I) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Moderate (grade II) | 0.721 (0.204–2.546) | 0.611 | – | ||
| Severe (grade III) | 7.571 (2.026–28.290) | 0.003 | 7.047 (1.372–36.201) | 0.019 | |
| Albumin (mg/dL) | |||||
| ≥3.0 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| <3.0 | 2.643 (0.904–7.731) | 0.076 | |||
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | |||||
| <2.0 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ≥2.0 | 1.904 (0.677–5.355) | 0.222 | |||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | |||||
| <2.0 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| ≥2.0 | 5.306 (1.268–22.191) | 0.022 | 1.563 (0.238–10.279) | 0.642 | |
| CRP (mg/dL) | |||||
| <20.0 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ≥20.0 | 0.966 (0.298–3.135) | 0.954 | |||
| Preoperative EST | |||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Yes | 1.571 (0.479–5.160) | 0.456 | |||
| Preoperative PTGBD | |||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Yes | 1.035 (0.345–3.104) | 0.951 | |||
| Bile culture | |||||
| Negative | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Positive | 2.180 (0.453–10.494) | 0.331 | |||
| Blood culture | |||||
| Negative | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Positive | 5.889 (1.879–18.454) | 0.002 | 5.772 (1.499–22.229) | 0.011 | |
| Operation time (min) | |||||
| <120 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ≥120 | 1.191 (0.415–3.417) | 0.745 | |||
| Estimated blood loss (mL) | |||||
| <200 | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| ≥200 | 1.088 (0.294–4.021) | 0.899 | |||
| Subtotal cholecystectomy | |||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Yes | 4.619 (0.853–25.026) | 0.076 | |||
| Open conversion | |||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Yes | 0.822 (0.102–6.658) | 0.854 | |||
| Adjacent organ injury | |||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | ||||
| Yes | 2.484 (0.644–9.584) | 0.187 | |||
| Drain | |||||
| No | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | |||
| Early removal | 1.768 (0.410–7.636) | 0.445 | – | ||
| Late removal | 7.484 (1.866–30.010) | 0.005 | 7.196 (1.336–38.755) | 0.022 | |
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; ASA-PS, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status; CACI, Charlson age comorbidity index; CRP, C-reactive protein; EST, endoscopic sphincterotomy; PTGBD, percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage.