TABLE 2.

Networks identified to be significantly different between the ADHD-C and control groups using network-based statistical analysis.

Significant network connections (AAL regions)	Intrinsic functional connectivity
	ADHD-C (n = 19)	Controls (n = 39)
	(Mean ± SD)	(Mean ± SD)	t and p-value	Cohen’s d
Default mode – Default mode
L – precentral gyrus to L – anterior cingulum	−0.19 ± 0.14	−0.04 ± 0.18	t = 3.15, p = 0.002	−0.889
L – anterior cingulum to L – paracentral lobule	−0.22 ± 0.14	−0.02 ± 0.19	t = 4.07, p < 0.001	−1.132
R – middle orbitofrontal gyrus to R – inferior temporal gyrus	0.17 ± 0.16	0.39 ± 0.22	t = 4.03, p < 0.001	−1.126
R – middle orbitofrontal gyrus to R – middle temporal gyrus	0.08 ± 0.19	0.25 ± 0.17	t = 3.58, p = 0.001	−0.999
L – gyrus rectus to R – cerebellum	0.05 ± 0.23	0.24 ± 0.23	t = 3.05, p = 0.003	−0.855
L – anterior cingulum to L – gyrus rectus	0.14 ± 0.19	0.31 ± 0.21	t = 3.00, p = 0.004	−0.836
Default mode – Somatomotor
R – inferior temporal gyrus to L – supplementary motor area	0.08 ± 0.18	0.23 ± 0.16	t = 3.41, p = 0.001	−0.953
R – inferior temporal gyrus to R – supplementary motor area	0.07 ± 0.20	0.27 ± 0.15	t = 4.11, p < 0.001	−1.151
L – anterior cingulum to L – supplementary motor area	0.10 ± 0.18	0.28 ± 0.20	t = 3.46, p = 0.001	−0.966
L – medial superior frontal gyrus to L – supplementary motor area	0.19 ± 0.16	0.40 ± 0.22	t = 3.67, p = 0.001	−1.020
R – medial superior frontal gyrus to L – supplementary motor area	0.09 ± 0.16	0.26 ± 0.19	t = 3.51, p = 0.001	−0.982
R – middle orbitofrontal gyrus to R – supplementary motor area	0.04 ± 0.16	0.19 ± 0.18	t = 3.02, p = 0.004	−0.853
R – medial superior frontal gyrus to R – supplementary motor area	0.00 ± 0.14	0.16 ± 0.19	t = 3.30, p = 0.002	−0.921
Default mode – Limbic
L – precuneus to L – amygdala	−0.02 ± 0.17	0.14 ± 0.15	t = 3.58, p = 0.001	−1.010
L – paracentral lobule to L – amygdala	0.07 ± 0.18	0.21 ± 0.13	t = 3.52, p = 0.001	−0.979
Somatomotor – Cingulo-frontoparietal
L – supplementary motor area to L – superior frontal gyrus	0.26 ± 0.17	0.43 ± 0.20	t = 3.25, p = 0.002	−0.916
L – supplementary motor area to L – superior orbitofrontal gyrus	0.02 ± 0.21	0.20 ± 0.20	t = 3.08, p = 0.003	−0.862
L – supplementary motor area to R – superior orbitofrontal gyrus	−0.03 ± 0.17	0.14 ± 0.19	t = 3.38, p = 0.001	−0.938
R – supplementary motor area to R – superior orbitofrontal gyrus	0.01 ± 0.15	0.18 ± 0.16	t = 3.73, p < 0.001	−1.052
Somatomotor – Ventral attention
R – supplementary motor area to R – inferior orbitofrontal gyrus	0.19 ± 0.20	0.38 ± 0.19	t = 3.54, p = 0.001	−0.999
R – supplementary motor area to R – inferior frontal triangularis	0.11 ± 0.19	0.29 ± 0.20	t = 3.37, p = 0.001	−0.936
L – supplementary motor area to R – inferior orbitofrontal gyrus	0.23 ± 0.18	0.42 ± 0.18	t = 3.75, p < 0.001	−1.045
Somatomotor – Dorsal attention
L – supplementary motor area to L – middle frontal gyrus	0.16 ± 0.17	0.35 ± 0.20	t = 3.52, p = 0.001	−0.976
R – supplementary motor area to R – middle frontal gyrus	0.11 ± 0.21	0.30 ± 0.18	t = 3.50, p = 0.001	−0.986

Mean and standard deviations for the connectivity strengths for the different connections defined using the AAL atlas. The significant network connections identified as significant were applied to the significant networks extracted from the functional parcelation template based on AAL and MNI coordinates.