Figure 9.
Overexpression of TM9SF4 decreased M1 macrophage polarization but increased M2 macrophage polarization. (A) Raw264.7 cells overexpressing TM9SF4 or control plasmids were treated with LPS/IFNγ to induce M1 polarization. The mRNA levels of IL23p19, IL6, TNFα, and iNOS were assessed by qRT-PCR (n = 4–6). (B) Raw264.7 cells overexpressing TM9SF4 or control plasmids were treated with IL4/IL13 to induce M2 polarization. The mRNA levels of MRC1, Ym1, IL10, and Arg1 were determined by qRT-PCR (n = 3–6). Means ± SEM. ∗∗P < .01, ∗∗∗P < .001. pcDNA, plasmid cloning DNA.