Table 1.
Summary of the clinical value of NNMT in tumors.
| Tumor | Clinical parameters | Effect of NNMT gene silencing | Value | Signal transduction systems | Case numbers | Hazard ratio(95% CI) | Reference(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pancreatic cancer | Age, tumor size, TNM stage, poor differentiation, carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9 level | Inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration | Early diagnosis, prognostic indicator, distinguishing benign from malignant | – | 178 | 0.399(0.284–0.560) | (45, 46) |
| Gastric cancer | Primary tumor size, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage, immune infiltration | Inhibits cell proliferation, invasion, and migration | Early diagnosis, prognostic indicator, predicting outcome and immunotherapy response | TTPAL/NNMT/PI3K/AKT | 781 | 1.446(1.041-2.065) | (32, 43, 47, 48) |
| HCC | Vascular invasion, distant metastasis, serum hepatitis B virus levels, liver cirrhosis status | Enhances autophagy, promotes tumor growth, influences phosphorylation | Prognostic indicator, early diagnosis | NNMT/CD44v3 NNMT/PP2A/ULK1 |
120 | 1.91(0.98-3.71) | (16, 26, 39) |
| Ovarian cancer | Histological subtype, advanced stage | – | Early diagnosis and prognostic indicator, reflects the degree of malignant and metastatic tumor behavior | BRCA1/NNMT/CDK1 | 103 | 2.5 (1.0–6.0) | (8, 38) |
| Renal cell carcinoma | Age, pT status, histology, tumor size | Inhibits cell invasion | Early and noninvasive diagnosis prognostic indicator | PI3K/AKT/SP1/MMP-2 | 74 | – | (49–51) |
| Bladder cancer | Histological grade | Reduces cell migration | Noninvasive diagnosis, prognostic indicator | – | 55 | – | (52, 53) |
| Colorectal cancer | TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, differentiation grade (rectal cancer) | Suppresses cancer cell invasive capacity | Early and noninvasive diagnosis, prognostic indicator, chemotherapy resistance | NNMT/ASK1/p38/MAPK PI3K–Akt |
1088 | 1.415 (1.015-1.972) | (12, 54–57) |
| SCC | Pathological stage, lymph node metastasis | Inhibits proliferation and tumorigenicity | Prognostic indicator, noninvasive diagnosis (oral SCC) | – | 123 | – | (27, 58, 59) |
| GBM | – | Increases sensitivity to radiation treatment | Prognostic indicator in combination with radiation treatment | NNMT/PP2A/STKs | – | – | (7, 37) |
| CMM | Breslow thickness, Clark level, presence/number of mitoses, ulceration | Reduces cell proliferation and migration, increases chemosensitivity to dacarbazine | Prognostic indicator, increases chemosensitivity | – | 68 | – | (31, 60) |