TABLE 1.

Clinically approved Pt(II) drugs [adapted from Wheate et al. (2010); Ali et al. (2013); Han et al. (2015); Johnstone et al. (2016); Imran et al. (2018); Ghosh (2019)] and Pt(IV) prodrugs that have entered clinical trials [adapted from Tutsch et al. (1999); Wheate et al. (2010); Imran et al. (2018)].

	Name	Year of approval/phase status	Country/region of approval	Mode of administration	LD50 (mg/kg)	Indication	Side effect/limitation
Pt(II) drugs	Cisplatin (also CDDP or Platinol)	1978	Global	Intraperitoneal	12	Testicular, ovarian, bladder, head and neck, and lung cancers	Nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, ototoxicity, and acute emesis
	Carboplatin (also JM8 or paraplatin)	1989	Global	Intraperitoneal	120	Ovarian and lung cancer	Myelosuppression, platelet disorders, drug resistance, and peripheral neurotoxicity
	Nedplatin (also 254-S or Aquila	1995	Japan	Intravenous	44.1	Lung, head and neck, and esophageal cancers	Bone marrow suppression and mild nausea
	Heptaplatin (also, SKI 2053R or SunPla)	1999	Korea	Intraperitoneal	196.2	Advanced gastric cancer	Hepatotoxicity and myelosuppression
	Oxaliplatin (also 1-OHP or Eloxatin)	2002	Global	Intraperitoneal	19.8	Colorectal cancer	Neurotoxicity and alimentary canal toxicity
	Lobaplatin (also D-19466)	2010	China	Intraperitoneal	25.7	Testicular, ovarian, and lung cancers	Anemia and leukopenia
Pt(IV) prodrugs	Ormaplatin (or tetraplatin)	Phase I	—	Intraperitoneal and intravenous	23	Breast, ovarian, and myeloma cancers	Too rapid reduction in plasma and severe neurotoxicity
	Iproplatin (or JM9)	Phase III	—	Intraperitoneal	54	Ovary, breast, gastric, pancreatic, and metastatic epidermoid cancer of head and neck	Low cytotoxicity
	Satraplatin (or JM216)	Phase III	—	Oral	30	Ovarian cancer, non-small-cell lung cancer, and small-cell lung cancer	No overall survival benefit
	LA-12	Phase I continued	—	Oral	N.A a	Ovary cancer cell lines	N.A.

^anot available.