Table 1.
Basic characteristics and work conditions of postgraduate residents classified by duty hours.
| Total | C1: < 50 h | C2: ≥ 50 and < 60 h | C3: ≥ 60 and < 70 h | C4: ≥ 70 and < 80 h | C5: ≥ 80 and < 90 h | C6: ≥ 90 and < 100 h | C7: ≥ 100 h | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 6045 | N = 861 | N = 1687 | N = 1580 | N = 709 | N = 741 | N = 258 | N = 209 | |
| Gender (%) | ||||||||
| Men | 68.1 | 64.0 | 68.5 | 67.7 | 70.7 | 68.3 | 57.1 | 76.1 |
| Women | 31.9 | 36.0 | 31.5 | 32.3 | 29.3 | 31.7 | 42.9 | 23.9 |
| Postgraduate year (%) | ||||||||
| PGY-1 | 50.8 | 51.3 | 51.4 | 50.4 | 50.2 | 51.0 | 51.9 | 48.3 |
| PGY-2 | 49.2 | 48.7 | 48.6 | 49.7 | 49.8 | 49.0 | 48.1 | 51.7 |
| Hospital type (%) | ||||||||
| University | 11.3 | 17.0 | 11.7 | 10.5 | 10.7 | 8.6 | 7.0 | 6.2 |
| University-affiliated | 5.0 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 5.2 | 4.1 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 2.9 |
| Community | 83.8 | 77.5 | 83.6 | 84.3 | 85.2 | 85.8 | 87.2 | 90.9 |
| Hospital area (%) | ||||||||
| Urban | 32.4 | 32.5 | 30.4 | 32.5 | 36.5 | 33.6 | 32.2 | 30.1 |
| Non-urban | 67.6 | 67.5 | 69.6 | 67.5 | 63.5 | 66.4 | 67.8 | 69.9 |
| Career (%) | ||||||||
| Internal medicine | 35.8 | 33.4 | 36.4 | 36.1 | 36.0 | 35.6 | 32.9 | 42.1 |
| Surgery | 20.8 | 20.2 | 18.3 | 21.3 | 21.3 | 25.5 | 19.8 | 21.1 |
| General medicine | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 2.7 | 2.9 |
| Emergency medicine | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 5.0 | 5.7 |
| Others | 37.5 | 40.8 | 40.1 | 36.8 | 36.7 | 32.3 | 39.1 | 28.2 |
| Scholarship activity (%) | ||||||||
| Case report | 21.2 | 21.7 | 18.6 | 21.1 | 22.1 | 23.8 | 22.9 | 27.3 |
| Presentation at conferences | 37.1 | 33.2 | 36.0 | 37.7 | 37.7 | 40.4 | 41.1 | 37.8 |
| ED duties per month (%) | ||||||||
| 0–1 | 3.7 | 9.5 | 4.6 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| 1–2 | 15.3 | 25.9 | 17.7 | 12.2 | 12.6 | 12.4 | 7.8 | 5.3 |
| 3–5 | 70.2 | 59.5 | 71.9 | 75.6 | 70.7 | 69.5 | 68.6 | 63.6 |
| 6 or more | 10.2 | 4.2 | 5.5 | 9.1 | 14.4 | 16.7 | 22.5 | 29.2 |
| Unknown | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 1.4 |
| Assigned inpatients (%) | ||||||||
| 0–4 | 23.5 | 33.8 | 28.0 | 22.8 | 18.2 | 14.3 | 15.1 | 10.0 |
| 5–9 | 59.9 | 55.5 | 61.5 | 59.6 | 63.0 | 63.0 | 55.4 | 49.3 |
| 0–14 | 11.3 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 12.4 | 14.0 | 13.9 | 20.5 | 21.5 |
| 15 or more | 2.9 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 5.5 | 6.6 | 16.7 |
| Unknown | 2.5 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 2.8 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 2.4 |
| Self-study time per day (%) | ||||||||
| None | 3.5 | 3.8 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 2.5 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 3.8 |
| 0–30 min | 34.1 | 41.9 | 36.8 | 32.8 | 31.9 | 26.3 | 30.6 | 28.2 |
| 31–60 min | 41.5 | 39.8 | 41.4 | 42.2 | 42.0 | 42.4 | 40.7 | 39.2 |
| 61–90 min | 16.7 | 12.1 | 14.8 | 17.2 | 17.9 | 22.8 | 19.4 | 17.7 |
| 91 min or more | 4.3 | 2.3 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 6.6 | 11.0 |
The average weekly duty hours are based on the sum of weekday work duties, night ED duties, and weekend work duties. Abbreviations: C1–C7, Category 1 to Category 7; h, hours; PGY, postgraduate year; ED, emergency department.