Table 1. Demographic and Clinical Characteristics.
| Characteristic/outcome | No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Usual-care CR (n = 80) | Early CR (n = 78) | |
| Female gender | 9 (11.3) | 16 (20.5) |
| Male gender | 71 (88.8) | 62 (79.5) |
| Age at surgery, y | ||
| Mean (SD) | 64.0 (10.3) | 61.6 (12.6) |
| Median (IQR) | 66.0 (58.0-72.2) | 64.0 (56.0-70.0) |
| Body mass indexa | ||
| Mean (SD) | 28.6 (4.9) | 29.29 (5.7) |
| Median (IQR) | 27.7 (25.7-31.0) | 28.45 (25.1-32.7) |
| Surgery | ||
| Elective | 56 (70.0) | 49 (62.8) |
| Emergency | 24 (30.0) | 29 (37.2) |
| Procedure | ||
| CABG | 39 (48.7) | 32 (41.1) |
| AVR/MVR | 35 (43.8) | 39 (50) |
| CABG + AVR/MVR | 6 (7.5) | 7 (8.9) |
| Surgery to randomization, mean (SD), d | 5.39 (1.6) | 5.17 (1.6) |
| Previous CABG, yes | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0) |
| IHD, yes | 24 (30.0) | 14 (17.9) |
| Previous MI, yes | 10 (12.5) | 12 (15.4) |
| Other past conditions, yes | 13 (16.7) | 17 (21.2) |
| Hypertension, yes | 39 (48.8) | 32 (41.0) |
| Diabetes, yes | 12 (15.0) | 21 (26.9) |
| Family history, yes | 18 (22.5) | 12 (15.4) |
| HAD, yes | 3 (3.8) | 3 (3.8) |
| Smoking status | ||
| Nonsmoker | 71 (88.8) | 67 (85.9) |
| Smoker | 9 (11.2) | 11 (14.1) |
| Hypercholesterolemia, yes | 25 (31.2) | 24 (30.8) |
Abbreviations: AVR, aortic valve replacement; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CR, cardiac rehabilitation; HAD, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Score; IHD, ischemic heart disease; MI, myocardial infarction; MVR, mitral valve replacement.
a
Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.